生猪养殖粪污与秸秆混合还田对吉林省土壤肥力与玉米产量的影响

Effects of Swine Manure and Straw Mixed Return on Soil Fertility and Maize Yield in Jilin Province

采用三年田间定位试验方法,系统研究秸秆全量深翻还田(SF)以及猪粪+秸秆旋耕还田(ZF)对土壤改良以及玉米产量的影响(以秸秆不还田为对照,CK)。研究结果表明,与CK相比,SF与ZF处理均显著降低耕层土壤容重,增加田间持水量以及总孔隙度,土壤总孔隙度的增加主要是由于毛管孔隙度的降低与通气孔隙度的增加。SF与ZF处理对改善土壤肥力也有重要影响,主要表现为土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾以及速效氮、速效磷、速效钾等养分含量的增加,其中以ZF处理效果最为显著。秸秆与畜禽粪污还田对玉米产量的提升表现为显著的正效益,SF与ZF处理后两年增产幅度可达2.61%~5.04%与5.81%~8.94%,效果显著。

To investigate the effects of no straw returning(CK),straw deep-ploughing returning to field(SF),straw deep-ploughing returning to field with swine manure(ZF)on soil physic-chemical properties and maize yield,a three-year field experiment was conducted in northeastern China.The results showed that the treatments of SF and ZF significantly reduced soil bulk density,while significantly increased the soil water capacity and total porosity,the increase of total porosity was mainly due to the decrease of capillary porosity and the increase of aeration poros⁃ity.SF and ZF treatments also had an important effect on improvement of soil physic-chemical properties,such as the increase of total porosity,soil organic matter,total N,total P,total K,available N,available P and available K,among which ZF treatment had the most significant effect.Returning straw and swine manure to the field showed a significant positive effect on maize yield.The yield increased by 2.61%-5.04%and 5.81%-8.94%in the last two years under SF and ZF treatments.