晋南钢铁高炉喷吹富氢气体工业化实践

Industrialized application of hydrogen-rich gas injection into blast furnace of Jinnan Steel

钢铁工业是中国制造业中碳排放量最高的行业,碳排放占全国碳排放总量的15%左右。高炉是钢铁工业碳消耗量最大的工序,碳消耗占钢铁流程总碳消耗的70%以上,减少高炉冶炼碳消耗是降低钢铁工业碳排放的最有效措施。高炉喷吹富氢气体不但可以提高冶炼效率,减少污染物排放,而且可以减少焦炭或煤粉消耗,从源头上降低高炉冶炼碳消耗,从而减少碳排放。以山西晋南钢铁两座1860 m~3高炉风口喷吹富氢气体工业化生产数据为例,详细研究了高炉喷吹富氢气体对燃料比、风口理论燃烧温度、炉腹煤气量、H_(2)利用率以及CO_(2)排放量的影响。结果表明,喷吹富氢气体可以显著降低高炉固体燃料消耗,在吨铁富氢气体喷吹量为65 m~3条件下,富氢气体与固体燃料的置换比为0.49 kg/m~3;风口喷吹富氢气体降低了风口理论燃烧温度,吨铁每喷吹1 m~3富氢气体,风口理论燃烧温度降低约1.5℃,高炉鼓风量和炉腹煤气量都少量降低;喷吹富氢气体以后,炉内H_(2)的利用率平均为37.3%,CO的利用率约为43.2%;吨铁CO_(2)排放量可以降低80 kg左右,高炉CO_(2)排放降低了5.6%,取得了较好的经济、环境和减污降碳效果。

Iron and steel industry is one of the largest industrial carbon dioxide producers in China,accounting for about 15%of the total carbon dioxide emission.Blast furnace is the dominate carbon consumer,accounting for more than 70%of the total carbon consumption in the iron and steel making process.Lowering the carbon consumption of blast furnace is the most effective measure to reduce the carbon dioxide emission of iron and steel industry.Injecting hydrogen-rich gas into blast furnace can not only improve productivity and reduce pollutant emission,but also decrease coke or pulverized coal consumption,resulting in less carbon consumption in blast furnace at its source and less carbon dioxide emissions.Taking the industrial test data of hydrogen-rich gas injection into two 1860 m^(3) blast furnaces of Shanxi Jinnan Steel Group as an example,the effects of hydrogen-rich gas injection into blast furnaces on fuel ratio,theoretical tuyere combustion temperature,bosh gas volume,H_(2)utilization rate and CO_(2)emission were studied.The results show that injecting hydrogen-rich gas can significantly reduce the consumption of solid fuel in blast furnace.When the injection volume of hydrogen-rich gas per ton of hot metal is 65 m^(3),the replacement ratio of hydrogen-rich gas to solid fuel is 0.49 kg/m^(3).The injection of hydrogen-rich gas into the tuyere lowers the theoretical tuyere combustion temperature by about 1.5℃for each injection of 1 m^(3) hydrogen rich gas,and the blast volume and bosh gas volume of blast furnace decrease slightly.After injecting hydrogen-rich gas,the average utilization rate of H_(2)is 37.3%,the average utilization rate of CO is 43.2%.When the injection volume of hydrogen-rich gas per ton of produced hot metal is 65 m^(3),CO_(2)emission per ton of produced hot metal can be reduced by about 80 kg,and CO_(2)emission of blast furnace can be decreased by 5.6%,achieving good economic,environmental and carbon reduction results.