高投入蔬菜种植体系磷素高效利用的根际对话及效应研究进展

Rhizosphere Communication and Its Effects on Improving Phosphorus Utilization in High-input Vegetable Production System:A Review

蔬菜种植体系是一种高投入体系,高量磷肥的投入会造成磷资源浪费和磷高积累带来的环境风险。通过根际调控增加磷有效性以及提高蔬菜对磷的吸收利用是菜地减磷增效行之有效的手段之一。基于该研究思路,综述了根际对话三大模块,植物-植物对话(蔬菜间套作根系互作)、植物-微生物对话(蔬菜根系与菌根真菌及根际促生菌互作)以及微生物-微生物对话(菜地解磷微生物与根际微生物互作)在促进蔬菜根系发育、活化土壤累积态磷从而增加蔬菜对磷的吸收利用方面的作用及其作用机制。同时阐述了人为调控不同模块,如利用解磷微生物菌肥提高蔬菜磷吸收利用,以及在缓解蔬菜连作障碍方面的应用效果及机理。最后探讨今后高投入体系根际对话的研究方向,旨在为推动高投入蔬菜种植体系磷肥管理的绿色和可持续发展提供理论依据。

Intensive vegetable production system with a high amount of phosphate fertilizer will cause phosphorus(P)resources waste and environmental risks caused by high accumulation of P in the soil.One of the effective methods to reduce P input and increase P use efficiency in vegetable fields is rhizosphere regulation,which could also improve P absorption and utilization by vegetables.This paper summarizes the major modules of rhizosphere communication,including plant-plant communication(vegetables intercropping root interactions),plant-microorganism communication(vegetable root and mycorrhizal fungi and rhizosphere bacteria interactions)and microorganism-microorganism communication(P solubilizing microorganism with rhizosphere microorganisms in vegetable fields)in promoting vegetable root development.Importantly,we discussed the mechanism(s)for activating soil accumulated P to increase the absorption and utilization of P by vegetables and its mechanism.In addition,different artificial regulation modules,such as increase P absorption and utilization of vegetables by applying P microbial fertilizer,and relieving the obstacles of continuous cropping of vegetables are discussed.Finally,the paper evaluated the direction of the rhizosphere communication in high-input systems to provided a theoretical basis for promoting the green and sustainable development of P fertilizer management in high-input vegetable planting systems.