青海省祁连林区的血雉(Ithaginis cruentus)与蓝马鸡(Crossoptilon auritum)

Blue-eared Phessant and Blood Pheasant in the Forestry of Qi-Lian Xian, Qinghai

调查地区在综合自然区划上,属于青藏高原区半干旱区森林与草甸草原地带的祁连山东部—甘南山地自然省的西北部分。其特点是水热条件不足,无霜期短。一年中有六个月(10月~3月)的月平均气温在0℃以下,从4月份开始,气温上升到0℃以上,积雪融化、河水解冻,草木复苏,鸡类等资源鸟类也进入一年一度的繁殖期。但在4月~9月期间的月平均气温都没有达到过20℃的记录,故无真正的夏季。

A survey of the resource animals was conducted in summer (from May to August, 1965) and in winter (from December to January of 1965-1966) in the forestry of Qi-Lian Xian, Qinghai Province. The results of the expedition showed that there were seven species of the game birds below: Tetrastes sewer-zowi, Tetraogallus tibetanus, Tetraophasis obscurus, Perdix hodgsoniae, Ithaginis cruentus, Crossoptilon auritum and Columba rupestris. Among these game birds, the most important species may be mentioned the blue-eared pheasant (Crossoptilon auritum) and blood pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus) . Therefore, this paper described chiefly their ecological characteristics, habitat, activity, foods and food bases, reproduction and population number. We found that their population number revealed significantly the seasonal variance. Usually, the winter population number was higher than that of the summer, c. g. the average densities (no. /ha) of winter were 2.5 and 2 times as many as as that of summer in blue-eared pheasant and blood pheasant respectively over 1965-1966.