摘要
本文是金丝猴面肌的首次记述。与疣猴亚科和猴亚科的任何种类相比,全丝猴面肌中最有趣的结构是存在着笑肌成分,虽然还未分化成一独立的肌。在全部猴科动物中,这是至今未被发现过的。文中还与其它种类,特别是叶猴作了比较。
This paper is the first information on the facial musculature of Snub-nosed monkey. The specimens grossly dissected during the investigation are as follows. P, roxellanae (1 subad. male) and R. bieti (1 female, 1 juv. female). From the observation and the mention above we may briefly obtain following outcome. 1. We may indicate that if regarded the tip of the acromion process as the point where the noto-platysma and trachelo-platysma meet, then the separate method is not always right for Snub-nosed monkeys as seen to occur in Macaca and Hylobates. 2. The obvious difference of platysma researched two kinds of Snub-nosed monkey are found. At the angle of the mouth of R.bieti there is a obvious gap regarded as the limit of the two parts of platysma, while in R. roxellanae the apparent demarcation is absent between them. The facial part of platysma in bieti covers a little parts of m. zygomatico-orbitalis or do not cover at all, but in R. roxellanae the greater parts of it are covered. On the region of the mandible in R, bieti there are only a few decussating fibres of right and left sides of platysma colli overlaped each other, or not almostly decussating, while these fibres of both sides in R, roxellanae arc widely decussating resembling;P, entellus. 3. M. tiangularis of Snub-nosed monkeys, just contrary to P, entellus, inhibits only superficial caput as similar to Macaco mulatto and Hylobates concolor. 4. M. levator labi superioris proprius of Snub-nosed monkeys is a complete piece of muscle where can’t divide into three heads. In P, entellus the angular head and the zygomatic head not become differentiated from the adjacent muscles, but infraobital head was present (Ayer, 1948). Macaca mulatto dissected by us was present in two heads instead of the zygomatic head. 5. M. incisivi inferior of R, bieti is not obvious. And in R. roxellanae it is meeting with triangularis as similar to the caput longum (deep part) mentioned by Ayer (1948) in P, entellus, while no muscle fibres take rise to origin below the first premolars. 6. M. risorius that does not separate into an indenpendent muscle is a bundle of the most superior platysma colli connected to the lateral margin of m. triangularis. It is continuous with the most superior fibres in R. bieti. In R. roxellanae this is a profund bundle of muscle fibres that is covered by supreme platysma colli. It is absent in all of Old World monkey. 7. M. corrugator of R, roxellanae, as shown by Ayer (1948) in P. entellus, is continuous with m. orbito-auricularis. In R. bieti it is similar to the conditon of Macaca mulatto and Hylobates concolor. 8. The frontal and the occipital region of the muscle epicranius of Snub-nosed monkeys consists of two fibromuscular sheet throughout. In accordace with Ayer (1948), on the occipital region of P. entellus it consists of three muscular strata. Hence, we believe that the epicranial musculature of P, entellus presents its primitive components better than Rhinopithecus,
作者
彭燕章
刘瑞麟
叶智彰
张耀平
Peng Yanzhang;Liu Shuilin;Ye Zhizhang;Zhang Yaoping(Kunming Institute of Zoology,Academia Sinica)