猪巨吻棘头虫的形态观察和唐山肉类加工厂猪感染情况的调查

STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF MACRACAN-THORHYNCHUS HIRUDINACEUS (Pallas, 1781) AND INVESTIGATION OF INFECTION RATE OF PIG IN SLAUGHTER-HOUSES IN TANGSHAN

猪巨吻棘头虫在欧洲、北美、拉丁美洲的一些国家是猪只重要害虫之一。在印度也是猪的常见寄生虫(Singh,1959)。我国的福建(Maxwell,1921)、广东广州(陈心陶,1936)、安徽炳辉 (林孟初等,1958)、贵州(危粹凡等,1960)、北京、上海、济南、甘肃,(吴淑卿等,1960)江西和东北等地猪只都发现有此虫寄生。感染率一般3.0~7.4%(汪溥钦,1962)。

Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus is a cmmon parasite of pig in some area of Hebei. As a result of 2020 postmortem examinations in slaughter-houses in Tangshan, the infection rate was found to be 22.52%. Of 504 faeces specimens examind, 80 were positive for eggs content. The infected rate was 15.86%. The infectionsity of 555 positive pig was found to be 1-49 individual. The average is two point eight. Among them one to five infected was 87.4%. That the pig had been infected only by one worm was 9.7% in 2020 postmortem examinations. We obtained 1126 M. hirudinaceus from Slaughter-houses in Tangshan. Among them the females were 754 individual and the males 372 individual. The females measure 30.0-65.3 CM in length, (average 40.96±.87 CM) . The males measure 5.0-12.0 CM in legth (average 8.56±1.20CM) . The females measurs 3-11mm in most width (average 6.53 ±1.29mm) . The least with measure 1.0-5.5mm (average 2,19±0.70mm) . Tha males measure 2-6 mm in most width (average 3.82±0.72mm). The leat width measure 1-3mm (average 1.95±0.46mm). The females length 84.09% in 30.0-47.9CM. The males length had 63.29% in 8.0-10.9CM. The rostellum of the female average 0.98±0.29mm in length. The rostellum of the male average 0.86±0.43mm in length. They did not have difference of statistics. The liguor of body cavity of the females obtained. Using micrography, we could discover the ova of different growth which might reflect the age of female. The young did not have the egg of rna turc. The appearance and the increased percentage of the mature eggs should be the mark of the mature of the females and their the raise of the age. The parasitic position of M. hirudinaccus in part of intestinum jejunum was usually more than the part of intestinum ileum. The duodenum part was the least. The position of the intestine by a rostellum attacking usually formed a clear node. In the pathological node the infiltration of inflammatory cells might be observed wich micrography on the finge of ro tellum and its nearby tissue of intestine. The morphology and diagnosis and so on of M. hirudinaceus on related problems were discussed in this paper.