个人信息侵权责任规则解释论--基于《民法典》第998条的联动解释

On the Interpretation of Personal Information Tort Liability Rules--Based on the Linkage Interpretation of Article 998 of the Civil Code

《个人信息保护法》第69条规定了个人信息侵权责任的请求权基础与损害赔偿范围的确定基准,如何理解和适用该规定是学界的一大难题。受动态系统论的影响,《民法典》第998条确立了法律效果的弹性评价机制,基于规范目的和法律适用关系的双重考量,应当运用于个人信息侵权责任规则的解释论作业中,但在侵权责任构成与损害赔偿范围方面发挥作用的机理不同。具体而言,在侵权责任构成领域内,该条主要在构成要件框架下起到辅助法官判断的作用,赋予法官一定自由裁量权;而在损害赔偿范围领域,通过充当评判法原理充足度的因子,强化法官的价值衡量与论证义务,使得评价结果趋于弹性化,实现个案正义。

Article 69 of personal information protection law stipulates the basis of claim for personal information tort liability and the basis for determining the scope of damage compensation,but how to understand and apply this stipulation has become a majordificult problem in the academic circle.Under the influence of dynamic system theory,article 998 of the civil code establishes a flexible evaluation mechanism of legal effect.Based on the dual consideration of normative purpose and legal application relationship,it should be applied to the interpretation of personal information tort liability rules,but the mechanisms playing a role in the composition of tort liability and the scope of damage compensation are different.Specifically,in the field of tort liability composition,it mainly plays the role of assisting the judge's judgment under the framework of constitutive elements,and endows the judge with certain discretion.In the field of damage compensation,by acting as the factor of the sufficiency of the principle of judgment method,the judge's value measurement and demonstration obligation are strengthened,so that the evaluation results tend to be flexible and the case justice is realized.