中小学教师家庭教育指导培训需求及影响因素研究--基于天津市的实证调研

A Study on the Needs and Influencing Factors of Family Education Guidance Training for Primary and Secondary School Teachers--An Empirical Study Based on Tianjin City

提升教师的家庭教育指导能力、开展教师家庭教育指导培训已成为转型期基础教育高质量发展的重要议题。以天津市为例,对中小学教师家庭教育指导培训需求及影响因素进行实证分析,研究发现:中小学教师家庭教育指导的知识和方法多来源于“自身经验”,时间精力不够和个别学生的指导问题是当前家庭教育指导中遇到的主要困难,“实践取向”是家庭教育指导培训需求的典型特征。年龄、孩子的年龄、文化程度、工作岗位、职称、教龄显著影响家庭教育指导培训意愿,而学校地区和学校类型对家庭教育指导培训意愿影响较小。基于此,提出加强顶层设计,建立分层、分类、分岗培训机制;突出实践取向,组建师资团队和设计培训内容;借助“互联网+”优势,建设家庭教育指导培训微课程的中小学教师家庭教育指导培训建议。

Improving teachers’ family education guidance ability and carrying out teachers’ family education guidance training have become important issues for the high-quality development of basic education in the transition period. Taking Tianjin city as an example,an empirical analysis was conducted on the training demand and influencing factors of the primary and secondary school teachers in family education guidance,and it was found that the knowledge and methods of primary and secondary school teachers in family education guidance mostly come from their own experience,and the main difficulties in family education guidance are the lack of time and energy and the guidance of individual students. The“practical orientation”is a typical characteristic of the training demand of family education guidance. Age,children’s age,education level,job title and teaching experience significantly affect the willingness to train in family education guidance,while school district and school type have less influence on the willingness to train in family education guidance. Based on this,we propose to strengthen the top-level design and establish a tiered,categorized and job-specific training mechanism;highlight the practical orientation,set up teacher teams and design training contents;and build family education guidance training micro-courses for primary and secondary school teachers with the advantage of“Internet+”.