基于专利数据分析科技创新的区域特征和演化路径——以扬州地区为例

Analysis of Regional Characteristics and Evolutionary Paths of Scientific and Technological Innovation Based on Patent Data--Take Yangzhou as An Example

江苏省是知识产权专利大省,省内地区经济产业结构及科技创新发展水平的微观研究为地区经济高质量发展提供决策支撑。本文以1985—2020年中国国家知识产权局公开的扬州地区专利数据作为研究对象,采用专利计量法和社会网络分析法,通过数据可视化实证研究地区产业科技创新的时间演化、地理分布特征、IPC技术交叉网络演化和专利成果转移许可路径。研究得到四个主要结论:扬州地区科技人员的增长是专利创新取得巨大成果的直接原因;地区政府的顶层设计是区域形成专利创新发展的关键;地区的技术创新更关注绿色低碳和环境治理;地方高校为地区特色经济发展做出了积极贡献。四点不足:扬州地区高质量的发明专利指标不高;专利创新存在明显的区域发展不平衡现象;地区传统行业创新水平不高;高校对扬州战略新兴产业和传统产业高端化贡献不足。四点体会:建议加强领军人才引进及扩大多层次人才队伍建设,促进地区人口和产业创新的持续增长;建议加强地区知识产权工作的顶层设计,创造更好的创新文化氛围;建议完善差别化的知识产权资助和管理政策,促进传统产业高端化升级;同时增强地区市校新兴产业相关的知识产权领域合作和学科建设。

Jiangsu is the province with the most intellectual property patents.The micro research on the economic and industrial structure of the province and the level of technological innovation development provides decision-making support for the high-quality development of regional economy.This paper takes the Yangzhou regional patent data published by the China National Intellectual Property Administration from 1985 to 2020 as the research object,adopts the patent metrology and social network analysis,and empirically researches the time evolution,geographical distribution features,and IPC technology crossnetwork evolution and patent achievement transfer licensing path of regional industrial technological innovation through data visualization.The results show four main conclusions:The growth of scientific and technological personnel in Yangzhou is the direct reason for the great results of patent innovation;the toplevel design of the regional government is the key to the formation of patent innovation and development in the region;regional technological innovation pays more attention to green,low-carbon and environmental governance;local universities have made positive contributions to the development of the economy with regional characteristics.Four weaknesses:The high-quality invention patent index in Yangzhou is not high;there is a clear regional imbalance in patent innovation;the level of innovation in traditional industries in the region is not high;universities have not contributed enough to Yangzhou's strategic emerging industries and the high-end of traditional industries.Four suggestions:It is recommended to strengthen the introduction of leading talents and expand the construction of multi-level talent teams,and promote the sustained growth of regional population and industrial innovation;it is recommended to strengthen the toplevel design of regional IP work and create a better cultural atmosphere for innovation;it is recommended to improve differentiated intellectual property funding and management policies to promote the upgrading of traditional industries;at the same time,it will strengthen cooperation and discipline construction in the field of intellectual property related to emerging industries in regional and municipal schools.