女性产后盆底肌力异常发生情况和影响因素

The occurrence and influencing factors of abnormal pelvic floor muscle strength in women after childbirth

目的探讨女性产后盆底肌力异常发生情况和影响因素。方法回顾性选取2018年2月至2021年10月威海市立第三医院妇产科产后6~8周检查的390例女性,分析女性产后盆底肌力异常发生情况,单因素、多因素logistic回归分析女性产后盆底肌力异常影响因素。结果390例女性中,盆底肌力异常225例,发生率为57.69%,其中轻度盆底肌力异常177例,重度盆底肌力异常48例,分别占78.67%、21.33%。≥30岁女性产后盆底肌力异常发生率高于<30岁女性(P<0.05);身体质量指数(BMI)>25 kg/m^(2)女性产后盆底肌力异常发生率高于<18.5~25 kg/m^(2)女性(P<0.05);产次≥2次女性产后盆底肌力异常发生率高于1次女性(P<0.05);阴道分娩女性产后盆底肌力异常发生率高于剖宫产女性(P<0.05);新生儿出生体重≥4000 g女性产后盆底肌力异常发生率高于<4000 g女性(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,女性产后盆底肌力异常影响因素包括年龄、BMI、产次、分娩方式、新生儿出生体重(P<0.05)。结论女性产后盆底肌力异常发生率高,影响因素包括年龄、BMI、产次、分娩方式、新生儿出生体重。

Objective To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of abnormal pelvic floor muscle strength in women after childbirth.Methods From February 2018 to October 2021,390 women were retrospectively selected from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Weihai Municipal Third Hospital who underwent examination at 6-8 weeks postpartum,and the incidence of postpartum pelvic floor muscle abnormalities in women was analyzed.The influencing factors of abnormal postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength in women were analyzed.Results Among the 390 women,there were 225 cases of pelvic floor muscle strength abnormalities,with an incidence of 57.69%,including 177 cases of mild pelvic floor muscle abnormalities and 48 cases of severe pelvic floor muscle abnormalities,accounting for 78.67%and 21.33%respectively.The incidence of postpartum abnormal pelvic floor muscle strength in women over 30 years old was higher than that in women<30 years old(P<0.05).The incidence of abnormal postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength in women with BMI>25 kg/m^(2)was higher than that in women<18.5-25 kg/m^(2)(P<0.05).Women with parity≥2 times had a higher incidence of postpartum pelvic floor muscle abnormalities than women with 1 time(P<0.05),and women with vaginal delivery had a higher incidence of postpartum pelvic floor muscle abnormalities than women with cesarean section(P<0.05).The incidence of abnormal postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength in women with neonatal birth weight≥4000 g was higher than that in women<4000 g(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of abnormal postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength in women included age,BMI,parity,mode of delivery,and birth weight of newborns(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of abnormal pelvic floor muscle strength is high in women after childbirth,and the influencing factors include age,BMI,parity,mode of delivery,and birth weight of newborns.