母乳喂养与人工喂养对婴儿免疫、营养及智能发育的影响比较

Comparison of Effects of Breast Feeding and Artificial Feeding on Immunity,Nutrition and Intelligence Development of Infants

目的:比较母乳喂养与人工喂养对婴儿免疫、营养及智能发育的影响。方法:选取2019年3月-2020年4月于泉州市儿童医院出生的124例新生儿作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组62例。对照组进行人工喂养,观察组进行母乳喂养,比较两组婴儿免疫、营养及智能发育情况。结果:观察组喂养6、12个月血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)水平均高于对照组,身体质量指数(Kaup)正常人数均多于对照组,智能发育指数(MDI)和运动发育指数(PDI)均高于对照组,血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)和红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:母乳喂养比人工喂养更能提高婴儿的免疫力,母乳中含有的营养成分能够促进婴儿营养吸收,减少缺血性贫血的发生,能更好地促进婴儿智能发育。

Objective:To compare the effects of breast feeding and artificial feeding on the immunity,nutrition and intelligence development of infants.Method:A total of 124 newborns from March 2019 to April 2020 in Quanzhou Children’s Hospital were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the method of random number table,62 cases in each group.The control group was given artificial feeding,and the observation group was given breast feeding.The immune,nutritional and intelligence development of two groups were compared.Result:The levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG),immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) of the observation group at feeding for 6 months and 12 months were significantly higher than those of the control group,the number of normal Kaup index was more than that of the control group,the mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) were higher than those of the control group,the levels of hemoglobin (Hb),mean red blood cell volume (MCV),and mean red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:Breast feeding is more effective than artificial feeding in improving the immunity of infants,and the nutrients in breast milk can promote the absorption of nutrition,reduce the incidence of ischemic anemia,and promote the intelligence development of infants.