作为方法的群众路线——1957年中共关于干部参加体力劳动的实践及影响

Mass Line as a Work Method——The Practice of CPC Cadres’Participation in Physical Labor in 1957 and Its Influence

1956年社会主义三大改造基本完成,中共八大的召开,标志着社会主义制度的确立,新中国开始进入全面的社会主义建设时期。1957年始,中共反复强调,尽管在经济战线上已取得决定性胜利,但在政治战线和思想战线上还需要进行彻底的社会主义改造,才能适应社会主义建设的全面展开和推进。因此,在开展整风运动的过程中,中共不断动员各级领导干部参加体力劳动,重申群众路线对于克服官僚主义、宗派主义和主观主义问题的重要性,以期正确处理人民内部矛盾,进一步加强和密切党群关系。这一重构群众路线工作方法的历史实践,彰显了中共在应对社会主义遭遇危机和挑战中的努力探索及其复杂性。

By 1956,three major socialist transformations had been basically completed in China.In the same year,the convening of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)marked the establishment of the socialist system,signifying that New China began to enter a period of all-round socialist construction.From 1957 the CPC began to repeatedly underscore that although a decisive victory had been secured on the economic front,thorough socialist transformation on the political and ideological fronts were needed for the adaptation to the all-round development and advancement of socialist construction.Therefore,in the process of carrying out the Rectification Movement,the CPC constantly mobilized leading cadres at all levels to take part in physical labor and reiterated the importance of the mass line in overcoming bureaucracy,sectarianism and subjectivism in the hope of properly handling contradictions among the people while further strengthening and closing the relationship between the party and the masses.This historical practice of reconstructing the mass line as a work method reflected the CPC’s conscientious and complex efforts in dealing with the crises and challenges in the process of socialist construction.