美国黑人艺术运动的“关键人物和发起者”:哈吉·马都布提述评

“The Key Figure and Creator”of the Black Art Movement:A Critical Review on Haki R.Madhubuti

哈吉·马都布提是美国当代著名的非裔作家、诗人、教育家、批评家、社会活动家,还是一位出版商和黑人主题书店的经营者,一直致力于黑人公众事业建设。作为黑人艺术运动的“关键人物和发起者”,他早期的诗歌创作与黑人艺术运动中的其他参与者在诗学主张上保持了一致性,将诗歌与爵士乐相融合,大量运用黑人方言,表现出精湛的口语化技艺,使其诗歌具有很强的音乐性和节奏性;他极力表达对种族主义的愤怒,拥护暴力主张,不断地思考和探索黑人性,强调黑人性所具有的力量,把诗歌写作当成斗争的武器。不同于前期创作,他后期的诗歌显示出了冷静和温和,不再大量使用黑人口语,更多展现的是细致入微的观察力,并通过敏锐的观察力产生大胆的政治声明,这一转折在学界被看作他诗歌创作的“成熟过程”。

Haki R.Madhubuti is a famous contemporary African-American writer,poet,educator,critic and social activist,also a publisher and the operator of a black-themed bookstore,and has been devoted to the construction of black public undertakings.As“the key figure and creator”of the Black Art Movement,he is consistent with other participants in the Black Art Movement in poetry.He combines poetry with jazz,uses a lot of black dialects,and shows superb colloquial skills,which makes his poetry have strong musicality and rhythm.At the same time,he tries his best to express his anger against racism in his poems,supports violence claims,and constantly thinks about and explores the blackness,emphasizing the power of blackness,and taking poetry writing as a weapon of struggle.Different from his early poems writing,he shows calmness and gentleness in his later poems.Instead of using black dialect extensively,he shows more nuanced observation and produces bold political statements through keen observation.This turning point is regarded as“the maturation process”of his poetry writing in academic circle.