华北地区石灰岩质高陡边坡修复先锋植物遴选

Selection of pioneer plants for repairing limestone high and steep slopes in North China

为了遴选出适合于华北地区高陡岩质边坡生态修复的先锋植物,采用地境再造技术在济南石灰岩地区建立了2个高陡边坡生态修复试验场,试验栽植落叶、常绿及藤本类植物共14种,并对2个试验场植物的成活率和生长状况进行长期监测。在对长期监测数据分析的基础上采用综合评价指数法建立植物适宜性评价模型,并以此为依据遴选出适合于高陡岩质边坡修复的先锋植物。研究表明:常绿植物优选侧柏、圆柏及大叶扶芳藤作为先锋植物;落叶植物优选刺槐、黄栌、连翘为先锋植物;藤本类植物爬山虎因其成活率高且生长速率快,可在短期对高陡岩壁有效覆盖,优选作为先锋植物。

In order to select pioneer plants suitable for ecological restoration of high and steep rock slopes in North China, two high-and-steep slope ecological restoration test sites were established in the limestone area of Jinan by using the technology of landscape reconstruction. The sites planted a total of 14 kinds of deciduous plants, evergreens and lianas, whose survival rate and growth status were monitored for a long period of time. The data collected was analyzed by the plant suitability evaluation model and the result is displayed in the form of the comprehensive evaluation index. According to the result, in the group of evergreens, Platycladus orientalis, juniper and fufangteng are the preferred pioneer plants;in the group of deciduous plants,Robinia pseudoacacia, Cotinus japonicus and Forsythia suspensa are the preferred ones;the vine creeper has a high survival rate and fast growth rate which can effectively cover high-and-steep rock walls in a short time. It is the preferred pioneer plant in the group of lianas.