涉罪未成年人观护制度研究

Research on the Observation and Protection System for Delinquent Juvenile

未成年人犯罪作为各国普遍存在的严重社会问题,如何使涉罪未成年人顺利回归社会并不再犯罪是有待解决的世界性难题。我国部分地区开展了对涉罪未成年人观护工作,目前观护基地主要模式有检察院独立创设、检社合作、检企(校)合作和检法共建,对预防未成年人犯罪起到一定的效果,但仍存在法律依据不足、部门联动性不强、运行体制不健全等问题,观护效果不能充分发挥,应当从立法层面、观护对象主体制定、运行程序等方面予以完善。

Juvenile delinquency is a common and serious social problem in the country.How to make the juveniles involved in the crime smoothly return to society and stop committing crimes is a worldwide problem to be solved.Some areas of China have carried out the work of observation and protection system for delinquent juvenile.At present,the main modes of the bases of observation and protection are the independent establishment of the procuratorate,the cooperation of procuratorates,the cooperation of procuratorial enterprises(schools),and the joint construction of procuratorial laws.They have a certain effect on the prevention of juvenile delinquency,but there are still problems such as lack of legal basis,weak inter-departmental linkage,and imperfect operation mechanism,the effect of observation and care can not be fully exerted,and it should be improved from the legislative level,the formulation of the subject of observation and protection,and the operation procedures and so on.