间歇泵奶喂养配合非营养吮吸对极低体重出生早产儿营养状态的影响

Effect of intermittent milk pumping combined with non-nutritive sucking on the nutritional status of infants with very low birth weight

目的研究间歇泵奶喂养配合非营养吮吸对极低体重出生早产儿(Very low birth weight preterm infants,VLBWI)营养状态及肠道菌群的影响。方法选择本院2019年12月至2020年12月VLBWI 97例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组48例和观察组49例,对照组给予持续鼻饲输注法喂养,观察组给予间歇泵奶喂养配合非营养吮吸,比较两组恢复情况、营养状态、肠道菌群水平、喂养不耐受和并发症发生率。结果观察组干预后,达全胃肠喂养时间、恢复出生体重时间及呕吐腹胀消失时间均低于对照组,淋巴细胞总数、血糖、白蛋白水平均高于对照组,尿素氮水平低于对照组,乳杆菌、双歧杆菌水平均高于对照组,喂养不耐受发生率低于对照组(均P<0.05);两组胃出血、腹胀发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论间歇泵奶配合非营养吮吸喂养对VLBWI效果确切,能够加速患儿恢复,调节肠道菌群水平,提高营养状态,降低喂养不耐受发生率,具有临床推广价值。

Objective To study the effect of intermittent milk pumping combined with non-nutritive sucking on the nutritional status and intestinal flora of very low birth weight preterm infants(VLBWI). Methods Ninety-seven VLBWI patients in our hospital from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects. They were randomly divided into the control group(n=48) and the observation group(n=49). The control group were fed with continuous nasal feeding and infusion, and the observation group were fed with intermittent milk pumping combined with non-nutritive sucking. The recovery, nutritional status, intestinal flora level, feeding intolerance and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention, the time to reach full gastrointestinal feeding, the time to restore birth weight, and the time to disappear from vomiting and abdominal distension of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, the total number of lymphocytes, blood sugar, and albumin levels were higher than those of the control group, the level of urea nitrogen was lower than the control group, the levels of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria were higher than those of the control group, feeding intolerance occurred rate was lower than that of the control group(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of gastric bleeding and abdominal distension between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Intermittent milk pumping combined with non-nutritive sucking has a definite effect on VLBWI, which can accelerate the recovery of children, adjust the level of intestinal flora, improve nutritional status, and reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance. It has clinical promotion value.