厦门儿童医院2021-2022年冬春季儿童流感的流行特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza among Children in Xiamen Children’s Hospital during Winter and Spring of 2021 and 2022

目的:分析厦门市儿童医院2021-2022年冬春季儿童流感的流行特征,指导临床尽早进行隔离和治疗,避免抗生素滥用,实现流感的更早防控。方法:收集2021年11月-2022年2月期间3782例患儿的咽拭子标本,采用快速免疫层析方法对甲型/乙型流感病毒进行抗原检测,使用统计学方法分析流行特征。结果:3782例患儿标本中检测出阳性标本1448例,总体阳性率为38.2%(1448/3782)。其中,检出甲流阳性4例,甲流感染率为0.1%(4/3782),检出乙流阳性1444例,乙流感染率为38.2%(1444/3782)。乙流阳性占所有流感阳性的比例为99.7%(1444/1448),2021-2022冬春季流感的流行特征,以乙流为主。结论:2021-2022年冬春季厦门市儿童医院流感样病例发病高峰在1月,患者主要来源于发热门诊,主要以乙型流感为主。

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza among children in Xiamen Children's Hospital in winter and spring from 2021 to 2022,so as to guide clinical isolation and treatment as soon as possible,avoid the abuse of antibiotics,and achieve early prevention and control of influenza.Methods:Throat swab specimens of 3782 children were collected from November 2021 to February 2022.Rapid immunochromatography was adopted for antigen detection of influenza-A and influenza-B viruses,and the statistical method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics.Results:Among the 3782 specimens of children patients,1448 were positive,with an overall rate of 38.2%(1448/3782).In which,4 cases were detected positive for influenza-A,with an infection rate of 0.1%(4/3782),1444 cases were detected positive for influenza-B,with an infection rate of 38.2%(1444/3782).The proportion of influenza-B infection accounts for 99.7%of all influenza infections(1444/1448).The epidemiological characteristics of influenza in winter and spring from 2021 to 2022 were dominated by influenza-B.Conclusion:The peak incidence of influenza-like illness in Xiamen Children's Hospital in the winter and spring from 2021 to 2022 was in January,and the patients were mainly from fever clinics,with influenza-B as the main type.