助人行为影响因素的多群组结构方程模型分析

Multi-group structural equation model analysis of influencing factors of helping behavior

目的 了解青年学生助人行为的现状及其影响因素,促进青少年的助人行为。方法 对1 791名高中生和大学生进行助人行为、移情、自尊及社会支持问卷调查,采用结构方程模型探究助人行为的影响因素,并探讨不同学段模型的差异。结果 社会支持通过自尊和移情的中介作用正向预测青年学生的助人行为。高中生的社会支持显著正向预测助人行为,自尊和移情能力发挥部分中介作用。大学生的社会支持不能预测助人行为,自尊和移情能力发挥完全中介作用。结论 青年学生助人行为受社会支持影响,社会支持通过自尊和移情的中介作用正向预测助人行为。学段的不同会影响社会支持经自尊和移情能力对助人行为的中介效应。

Objective To understand the current situation of young students’ helping behavior and its influencing factors, and promote the helping behavior of young students. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out on 1 791 high school and college students on helping behavior, empathy, self-esteem, and social support. The structural equation model was used to explore the influencing factors of helping behavior, and explore the differences of models in different grades. Results Social support positively predicted helping behaviors of young students through the mediating effect of self-esteem and empathy. High school students’ social support significantly positively predicted helping behavior, and selfesteem and empathy played a partial mediating role. College students’ social support could not predict helping behavior, and self-esteem and empathy played a full mediating role. Conclusion Young students’ helping behavior is affected by social support, and social support positively predicts helping behavior through the mediating effect of self-esteem and empathy. The difference of school stage can affect the mediating effect of self-esteem and empathy ability in social support and helping behavior.