基于专利引证的数据生存周期安全技术竞争态势研究

An Analysis on the Technological Competition on Situation of Data Lifecycle Security Technology Based on Patent Citation

以Patentics数据库获取的33 229项有效专利文献为数据来源,采用专利引证分析法进行分析发现:美国、日本和中国是全球拥有数据生存周期安全技术TOP100专利申请人数量最多的前3个国家,其中国际商业机器、微软和日立为开拓者,国际商业机器、微软和惠普为领导者,苹果、阿里巴巴、亚马逊科技为新兴竞争者。我国有3所高校、14家企业进入全球数据生存周期安全技术专利数量TOP100申请人行列;华为作为全球数据生存周期安全技术专利TOP10的中国企业,其优势技术领域为H04L029、H04L009、H04L012,但目前研发团队个体创新能力不足。因此,应从国家层面转变政策思维,注重政策导向,推进政策落地;从行业层面推进协同研发,推动专利开放许可,推广技术国产化替代方案;从企业层面重视自主研发,寻求外部合作,引入发明人。

Data security is not only related to the personal and property security of citizens, but also to the overall national security. The strength of data security capability largely depends on data security technology, that is, the security technology involved in the various security process areas of the data lifecycle(hereinafter referred to as “data lifecycle security technology”) is the key to realizing the overall national security. Globally, the United States dominates the development of data security technology, and its data lifecycle security technology capabilities are also the strongest. Under this background, it is particularly important to analyze the technical competition of data lifecycle security between countries and enterprises to acquire global pioneers and emerging competitors in this technology field, as well as to understand and master China’s competitiveness and advantageous technologies in the field of data lifecycle security technology. The patent citation method is adopted in this paper to analyze the competitive situation of data lifecycle security technology. The analysis data in this paper comes from the patents database. In the first step, a total of 33 229 valid patent document data are obtained through technical decomposition of the data lifecycle security technology, based on which a retrieval element table and a retrieval strategy were made and whether the data is comprehensive and accurate was confirmed. Secondly the sample analysis on data lifecycle security technology is carries out. The top 50 companies with the number of global data lifecycle security technology patents were selected as the overall research objects. It helps to clarify the competitive background of global data lifecycle security technology, and build an analytical framework for the competitive situation by analyzing the annual number of patent applications, geographical distribution, and ranking of patent applicants, etc. for global data lifecycle security technology. In the third step, Huawei is selected as a key research object to reveal the competitive situation in the field of data lifecycle security technology in China, which provides a reference for Chinese enterprises to identify competitors, promote patent layout, and grasp technology development trends in the research and development of data lifecycle security technology. The number of global data lifecycle security technology has been gradually increasing. The United States, Japan and China are the three countries with the largest number of the top 100 applicants for data lifecycle security technology patents in the world. Among them, IBM, Microsoft and Hitachi are the pioneers, IBM, Microsoft and HP are the leaders, and Apple, Alibaba, Amazon Technology, etc. are emerging competitors. The main fields of data lifecycle security technology IPC are distributed in 16 fields such as G06 F017, G06 F015, G06 F009 and H04 L029. The R&D efforts of H04 L012 and G06 F003 are enhancing, and the R&D efforts of G06 F012, G06 F013 and H04 L009 are continuously declining. There are 17 companies in China that have entered the ranks of the top 100 applicants for the number of global data lifecycle security technology patents, 3 universities and the remaining 14 are enterprises. As a Chinese company that ranks among the top 10 global data lifecycle security technology patents, Huawei is dominant in technology fields including H04 L029, H04 L009, and H04 L012, however, the individual innovation capabilities of Huawei’s R&D team are insufficient currently. Although China’s data lifecycle security technology ranks among the first echelon in the world, there are too few leading applicants with extraordinary international competitiveness, and it still lags far behind the United States on the whole. In terms of computer technology, information technology, etc., China has been a latecomer, which has led to the inherent deficiencies in the competitiveness of digital technology. In addition, insufficient national policy guidance, weak awareness of industry alliances and lack of corporate R&D capabilities are also major factors. Therefore, China should increase capital investment in terms of changing policy thinking, focusing on policy orientation and promoting policy implementation. Meanwhile the industry should strengthen collaborative applications in terms of promoting collaborative research and development, promoting patent open licensing and localized substitution of technologies. Enterprises should enhance their R&D capabilities with focous on attaching importance to independent research and development, seeking external cooperation and introducing inventors.