孕晚期分娩预演护理对初产妇妊娠结局、心理应激反应影响

Effect of Delivery Rehearsal Nursing in Late Pregnancy on Pregnancy Outcome and Psychological Stress Response of Primipara

目的 探讨孕晚期分娩预演护理对初产妇妊娠结局、心理应激反应影响。方法 选取我院2020年3月至2022年3月收治的86例初产妇作为本次研究对象,其中2020年3月至2021年3月分娩的初产妇为参照组(n=43例),实施常规产前健康教育;2021年4月至2022年3月分娩的初产妇为研究组(n=43例),在常规产前健康教育的基础上实施分娩预演护理。对比两组产程用时、分娩结局(转剖宫产、产后出血、新生儿窒息)及心理应激反应[Wijma分娩预期问卷(W-DEQ-A)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]。结果 在经过相应的护理干预后,研究组第一产程、第二产程及第三产程时间均短于参照组(P <0.05);研究组产妇产后出血及新生儿发生窘迫的情况明显低于参照组(P <0.05),且研究组未出现产妇顺产转剖宫产,但对比不具有统计学差异(P> 0.05);两组产妇恐惧、焦虑及抑郁评分均有所降低,且研究组恐惧、焦虑及抑郁评分低于参照组(P <0.05)。结论对初产妇实施分娩预演护理,能够改善心理状态,减少产生恐惧、焦虑及抑郁等不良情绪,进而缩短产程用时,帮助产妇顺利分娩,改善分娩结局,值得在临床护理上推广与应用。

Objective To explore the effect of delivery rehearsal nursing in late pregnancy on pregnancy outcome and psychological stress response of primipara. Methods A total of 86 primiparas admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the research objects,among which primiparas who delivered during March 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the reference group(n=43), and routine prenatal health education was implemented. Primiparas who delivered from April 2021 to March 2022 were included in the study group(n=43), who received active delivery rehearsal nursing on the basis of routine prenatal health education. The duration of labor, delivery outcome(transfer to cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia) and psychological stress response [Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire(W-DEQ-A),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)] were compared between the two groups. Results After the corresponding nursing intervention, the first stage of labor, the second stage of labor and the third stage of labor in the study group were shorter than those in the study group(P<0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal distress in the study group was significantly lower than that in the reference group(P<0.05), and there was no transfer to cesarean section in the study group, but there was no statistical difference(P>0.05). At the same time, after the corresponding nursing intervention, the scores of fear, anxiety and depression in the two groups were decreased, and the scores of fear, anxiety and depression in the study group were lower than those in the reference group(P<0.05). Conclusions The implementation of delivery rehearsal nursing for primiparas can improve the psychological state, reduce fear, anxiety, depression and other bad emotions, and then shorten the time of labor, help the puerpera to deliver smoothly, improve the outcome of delivery, which is worthy of promotion and application in clinical nursing.