清水江文书俗语词考释六则

Six Textual Interpretations of Colloquial Words in Qingshuijiang Documents

贵州清水江文书是清水江各族人民珍藏的文化遗产,俗语词颇多,其中“拨册”“辨用”“除留”“出贴”“交称”“贴卖”等六个俗语词较费解,可结合语境和历史对这些俗语词的意义进行分析。“拨册”指调拨粮饷并得到凭证。“辨用”指办理的费用或支出的费用。“除留”是频繁出现于土地契约中的习惯用语,指土地所有权发生变更之时,所附着在土地之上的实物随着土地所有权的变化而变化。“出贴”指出具某种字据,类似于出具某种文字材料作为今后查验的证据。“交称”指复称、过称、交量。“贴卖”指亏本卖、贴本卖。

Qingshuijiang Documents of Guizhou is a cultural heritage treasured by the people of all ethnic groups in the Qingshuijiang River.There are many colloquial words,and six of them are more difficult to understand,such as"Boce(拨册)""Bianyong(辨用)""Chuliu(除留)""Chutie(出贴)""Jiaocheng(交称)"and"Tiemai(贴卖)".Combining context and history,the meanings of these colloquial words can be analyzed."Boce"refers to transfer grain and wages and get a certificate."Bianyong"refers to the handling fees or expenses."Chuliu"is a frequently used term in land contract,referring to whether the physical objects attached to the land change with the land ownership."Chutie"refers to issue certain text evidence,similar to issuing certain written materials as evidence for future inspection."Jiaocheng"refers to reweighing,weighing,and handing over the amount."Tiemai"refers to sell at a loss or at a discount.