需求响应参与电力平衡的成本效益评估方法

Cost-Benefit Assessment Method for Demand Response Participating in Power Balance

电力供需平衡是电力规划考虑的关键问题之一。“十四五”期间,中国能源消费仍将刚性增长,能源保供压力持续存在。取暖降温、电动汽车等用电负荷的增加导致电网尖峰负荷更加突出,给电力平衡带来新的挑战。需求响应参与电力平衡是解决电力平衡问题的一种新思路,能够提高电力规划投资效益。通过介绍需求响应参与电力平衡的基本方法,提出了需求响应参与电力平衡的成本效益评估方法,结合案例验证了方法的可行性和有效性。结果表明:需求响应参与电力平衡的经济性与需求响应补贴标准和需求响应比例有关,经济性随补贴标准提高而下降,随需求响应比例的增加先增加后下降,降为零时的需求响应比例为参与电力平衡的最佳比例。

The balance of power supply and demand is a key problem in power planning. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period,China’s energy consumption will continue to grow rigidly, and the pressure of energy supply will continue to exist. With the increase of power load such as cooling and heating, electric vehicle charging and so on, the peak load of power grid becomes more prominent,which brings new challenges to power balance. Integrating demand response into power balance is a new way to solve the power balance problem, which can improve the investment efficiency of power planning. Based on an introduction of the basic methods for demand response participating in power balance, a cost-benefit assessment method for demand response participating in power balance is proposed, and its feasibility and effectiveness is verified through a case study. The results show that the economy of demand response participating in power balance is related to the subsidy standard and the proportion of demand response. The net economy decreases with the increase of subsidy standard, and firstly increases and then decreases with the increase of the proportions of demand response, and the optimal proportion of demand response for power balance is that when the net economy decreases to zero.