CXCR6-based immunotherapy in autoimmune,cancer and inflammatory infliction

T cells, including both CD4^(+) and CD8^(+)T cells, play a pivotal role in mediating various inflammation and immune disorders. A long-standing challenge in T cell-based immunotherapy is to precisely inactivate or delete the pathogenic T cells in inflammation and autoimmune diseases, or to selectively expand the immunocompetent T cell in tumor or other immune compromised situations, without inducing global immunosuppression or zealous immune activation respectively. To achieve this, a specific marker is needed to differentiate the pathogenic or immunocompetent T cell among the rests. Indeed,recent progress of immunology strongly suggests that CXC chemokine receptor 6(CXCR6, CD186) is such a kind of marker. Here, we review the emerging role of CXCR6 as a novel target for immunotherapy and discuss the underlying mechanism. We propose that CXCR6-based immunotherapy will play a significant role in autoimmune, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), tumor, coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) and even ageing-related inflammatory infliction.