2000~2020年南昌市土地利用及景观格局时空演变

Spatial-Temporal Evolution Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Patterns in Nanchang City From 2000 to 2020

由于在区域尺度内土地利用/覆被的变化和景观格局指数的演变能反映生态系统结构现状,以南昌市行政边界区域为研究对象,采用Globe Land 30数据分析了2000~2020年土地覆被变化转移特征和景观格局指数。结果表明:①2000~2010年土地间的转移整体不太明显。2010~2020年,土地面积增幅最为明显的是人造地表,减幅面积最大的是耕地;②林地、耕地、草地面积在2010~2020年间有明显相互转移;③2000~2020年湿地和水体的面积是增加的,主要转移对象是耕地;④在景观水平,人造地表、湿地与斑块数量、最大斑块指数、边界密度和平均斑块周长面积比有极显著的负相关性,其他景观类型与之正相关;⑤在类型水平上,城市的边界密度增加,自然生态系统的斑块的形状复杂性较高,但是在时间尺度上有减弱趋势。由此可见:南昌市在2010~2020年城市化发展速度较快,土地流转较为频繁,耕地面积流出是其他用地增长的主要来源,城市用地是最主要的接受者;在2000~2020年间,景观水平斑块有从分散、合并再聚集成新的斑块的演变过程。

At the regional scale,the change of land use/cover and the evolution of landscape pattern index can reflect the current situation of ecosystem structures.Taking the administrative boundary area of Nanchang City as the research object,this study uses Globe Land 30 data to analyze the land cover change transfer characteristics and landscape pattern index from 2000 to 2020.The results show that:①the overall land transfer between 2000 and 2010 is not obvious.From 2010 to 2020,the most obvious increase in land area is man-made surface,and the largest decrease is cultivated land.②The area of forest land,cultivated land and grassland has obviously transferred to each other from 2010 to 2020.③From 2000 to 2020,the area of wetlands and water bodies will increase,and the main transfer object is cultivated land.④At the landscape level,man-made surface,wetland and patch number,maximum patch index,boundary density and average patch perimeter area ratio have a very significant negative correlation,and other landscape types have a positive correlation.⑤At the type level,the boundary density of the city increases,and the shape complexity of the patch of the natural ecosystem is higher,but it tends to weaken on the time scale.The conclusion shows that Nanchang City has a rapid urbanization development from 2010 to 2020,with frequent land transfer.The outflow of cultivated land is the main source of other land use growth,and urban land is the main recipient.From 2000 to 2020,landscape level patches have evolved from dispersing,merging and regrouping into new patches.