暗流与管涌——论萨洛特的对白式戏剧

Undercurrent and Efflux:Sarraute's Dramatic Art

萨洛特是法国新小说派代表作家,也是优秀的戏剧家。她在小说创作中重视“对白”对潜意识心理的揭示作用,并逐渐将文学实验拓展至戏剧领域,形成独具风格的“对白式”戏剧。她的剧本刻意淡化人物性格、行动等传统戏剧因素,专注于日常对话与潜对话之间的动态关系,强调内心活动的隐秘性与流动性。在她笔下,对白既是内心戏的外延,也是内心戏的催化剂。人物在话语的碰撞中保持高度敏感,日常谈话隐含充沛的戏剧张力;观众则在话语的引导下潜入最幽暗的内心世界,窥见难以捕捉的心理现实。

Nathalie Sarraute,one of the representative writers of the French New Novel,is also an excellent dramatist.As she believes that dialogue reveals people's subconsciousness,and that drama is the art of dialogue,she tries to create plays without action,consisting only of dialogue.Her plays emphasize the uncertainty and fluidity of inner movements that“slip by very rapidly on the threshold of our consciousness,”focus on the dynamic interactions between ordinary-dialogue and pre-dialogue,and treat dialogue as the external extension of the inner movements.At the same time,Sarraute uses dialogue as a catalyst to stimulate the characters emotions.In her plays,dialogue functions to carry the inner movements to the surface,and to display the characters'everchanging sensations.As a result,the audience can delve into the dark,forbidden inner world of the characters and explore the psychological reality hidden in casual conversations.