根结线虫趋化性研究进展

Advances in studies on the chemotaxis of root-knot nematodes

植物寄主根部及其根际微生物等释放的化学信号物质在根结线虫寻找寄主、配偶及逃避危险等行为中起着重要的作用。目前,明确根结线虫预侵染阶段的化学信号物质以及相关的分子靶标,以期开发得到植物源和微生物源引诱剂及驱避剂,是国际线虫学研究领域的前沿和热点。本文重点综述了根结线虫的趋化性及化学信号物质,概括了线虫诱饵效应与诱捕现象的研究进展,概述了平面琼脂及其改进模型、Pluronic凝胶模型以及沙土/土壤模型在根结线虫趋化性测试中的应用,讨论了根结线虫趋化性研究的意义和难度,并对未来根结线虫趋化性研究的主要方向及前景进行了总结和展望。

Allelochemical signaling substances released by host roots and rhizosphere microbes play an important role in the host-seeking,mate-searching,and danger escape of root-knot nematodes(RKNs).At present,in order to develop chemoattractants and repellents of plant and microbial sources,it is an international hotspot and frontier for nematologists to identify semiochemicals and related molecular targets in the pre-infection stage of RKNs.This review focused on the chemotaxis and allelochemicals of RKNs,including attractive and repellent compounds,and summarized the progress on Trojan horse mechanism and trapping formation of RKNs.Furthermore,the application of the chemotactic models,including the plate agar and its modified model,Pluronic gel model,and the sand/soil model,on the nematodes chemotaxis test were summarized.Finally,the significance and challenge of the research on RKNs chemotaxis were discussed,and research directions on RKNs chemotaxis in the future were prospected.