大葱种子丸粒化及性能研究

Study on seed pelleting and performance of welsh onion(Allium fistulosum L.)

种子丸粒化是种子包衣的重要类型,与常规的种子包衣相比,种子丸粒化不仅可以改变种子形状,使种子外形标准化,而且有效成分携带量更大、有效成分间相容性更好。本研究以不规则的大葱种子为对象,考察了不同填料及黏结剂用于种子丸粒化的性能,在获得优化配方的基础上,对所制备丸粒的微观结构进行了表征。结果表明:将硬脂酸镁和滑石粉按质量比1:2混合后作为填料,以质量分数为1%的羧甲基纤维素钠水溶液作为黏结剂时,较适合用于大葱种子的丸粒化,所制得的丸粒各项指标合格,符合种子丸粒化的要求。微观结构电镜观察表明,采用不同填料制备的丸粒在微观结构上存在明显差异,填料间的结合越紧密,丸粒的强度越大。添加农药对丸粒化种子的影响评估结果表明,合理添加适宜的农药对种子发芽影响较小。本研究通过宏观性质与微观结构相结合,进一步丰富了种子丸粒化研究基础理论,对提高精量化播种和规范化种植水平具有一定参考价值。

Seed pelleting is among the important types of seed coating.Compared with conventional seed coating,seed pelletization not only changes the seed shape and standardizes the seed appearance but also carries a larger amount of active ingredients with better compatibility.In this study,the irregular welsh onion(Allium fistulosum L.)seeds were pelletized,the performances of different fillers and binders for seed pellet granulation were investigated,and the microstructures of the prepared pellets with the optimized formulations were characterized.The results showed that the application of magnesium stearate mixed with talcum powder at a mass ratio of 1:2 as a filter and 1%CMC solution as a binder was favorable for the pelletizing of welsh onion seeds.The pelleted seeds were qualified in all indexes and met the standards of seed pelletization.The SEM observations of microstructures showed that there are significant differences among the pellets prepared by different fillers,and the tighter the bonding between fillers,the greater the strength of the pellets.The quality assessment of the pelletized seeds with pesticides showed that the reasonable addition of appropriate pesticides had little effect on seed germination.This study enriches the basic theory of seed pelleting via the combined evaluation of macroscopic properties and microstructures and provides a useful guideline for the improvements of precision sowing and standardized planting.