基于混合启发式算法的集装箱货轮装配策略研究

Research on Container Ship Assembly Strategy Based on Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm

文章将如何确定一组给定的不同类型的集装箱装入集装箱船的可用位置的问题,即所谓的主港湾平面图问题,推广到多港口主港湾平面图问题。在多港口主港湾平面图问题中,将调查船舶的整个航线,特别是在航线的每个港口必须装载不同的集装箱,以便于运往下一个港口。多港口主港湾平面图问题与主港湾平面图的问题不同,装卸操作的顺序会影响装载计划的有效性。在最近的研究文献中,只有少数几篇论文涉及多港口主港湾平面图问题。文章基于一个精确的混合整数规划模型的多港口主港湾平面图问题,提出混合整数规划启发式处理实际操作,主要目的是使船舶的总停泊时间最短。文章中包括对非生产性运动以及在每个港口使用的码头起重机的船舶的分析。并且,文章中还包括最终装载计划和不同类型的集装箱。文章提出的混合整数规划启发式算法可以在短时间内找到良好的配载方案,从而将该模型纳入一个有效的工具中,帮助班轮规划师根据最新的运输需求来确定配载规划,通过对18000吨以下特大型船舶的增容试验,验证该方法的有效性。

The paper extends the problem of how to determine the available location of a given group of different types of containers loaded into container ships,that is,the so-called main harbor plan problem,to the multi-port main harbor plan problem.In the multi-port main harbor plan problem,the whole route of the ship will be investigated,especially the different containers must be loaded at each port of the route so as to be transported to the next port.Multi-port main harbor plan problem is different from the main harbor plan problem.The sequence of loading and unloading operations will affect the effectiveness of the loading plan.In the recent research literature,only a few papers involve the multi-port main harbor plan.In this paper,based on an accurate mixed integer programming model for the multi-port main harbor plan problem,the hybrid heuristic algorithm of mixed integer programming is proposed,the main purpose of which is to minimize the total berthing time of ships.The paper includes an analysis of unproductive movements and ships using quay cranes at each port.In addition,the paper also includes the final loading plan and different types of containers.The mixed integer programming heuristic algorithm proposed in this paper can find a good stowage scheme in a short time,thus incorporating this model into an effective tool to help liner planners determine stowage planning according to the latest transportation needs.The effectiveness of this method is verified by the capacity increase test of oversized ships below 18 000 tons.