冬小包脚菇菌基土壤微生物群落多样性与土壤理化性质相关性研究

Correlations between Microbial Community Diversity and Physicochemical Properties of Volvariella brumalis Rhizosphere Soil

为探究冬小包脚菇(Volvariella brumalis)不同生长发育时期菌基土壤微生物群落多样性、土壤理化性质及其相关性,本试验以野生冬小包脚菇子实体、不同生长发育阶段菌基土壤为研究对象,对子实体进行分离、纯化及ITS测序鉴定,并对菌基土壤进行理化性质检测和高通量测序。结果表明,冬小包脚菇属于Volvo⁃pluteus类群,也可属于传统定义的Volvariella类群。冬小包脚菇各生长阶段土壤的全氮、全磷、全钾含量差异不显著,碱解氮、速效钾和有机质含量均表现为先增加后减少的趋势,伸长期最高且显著大于自溶期;菌基土壤细菌的Alpha多样性各生长阶段差异不显著,真菌物种丰富度ACE指数和Chao 1指数各生长阶段存在差异,成熟期(M3)达到最大值。菌基土壤微生物在不同生长阶段存在一定差异,norank_f_norank_o_Vicinami⁃bacterales为细菌共有优势群落,被孢霉属(Mortierella)、Pseudaleuria属为优势真菌群落。相关性分析表明,菌基土壤中细菌的厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)与土壤全磷、有效磷含量呈显著正相关;拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)与土壤碱解氮含量呈显著正相关;真菌的罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)与土壤全氮、全钾含量呈显著或极显著正相关;壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)同土壤全氮、全钾、有机质含量呈显著或极显著负相关。综上,通过揭示冬小包脚菇不同生长发育阶段菌基土壤群落组成、优势属及土壤理化性质与优势类群的相互关系,可为冬小包脚菇的驯化和栽培提供参考。

In order to explore the microbial community diversity,soil physicochemical properties and their correlations in the rhizosphere soil of Volvariella brumalis at different growth and development stages,the fruiting bodies and rhizosphere soil samples of wild V.brumalis at different growth and development stages were used as research objects in this experiment.The fruiting body was isolated by tissue isolation method,further purified and identified by ITS sequencing,the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil were detected and the high⁃throughput sequencing was conducted.The results showed that V.brumalis belonged to the Volvoplute⁃us group,and also the traditionally defined Volvoriella group.There were no significant differences in the con⁃tents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium at different growth stages of V.brumalis.The con⁃tents of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium and organic matter all showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and they were the highest in the elongation period and significantly greater than those in the autolysis period.The Alpha diversity of bacteria in the soil was not significantly different among different growth stages.There were differences in ACE index and Chao 1 index of fungal species among differ⁃ent growth stages,and they reached the maximum in the maturity period(M3).There were certain differences in soil microorganisms among different growth stages.The norank_f_norank_o_Vicinamibacterales was the bac⁃terial common dominant community,and the Mortierella and Pseudaleuria were the dominant fungal communi⁃ties.Correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positively correlations between the Firmicutes and the contents of total phosphorus and available phosphorus.There was a significant positive correlation between Bacteroidota and soil alkaline⁃hydrolyzable nitrogen content.Rozellomycota was significantly or extremely sig⁃nificantly positively correlated with the contents of total nitrogen and total potassium.There was significantly or extremely significantly negative correlations between the Chytridiomycota and the contents of total nitrogen,to⁃tal potassium and organic matter in soil.In conclusion,by revealing the composition of soil community,domi⁃nant genera and correlations between soil physicochemical properties and dominant taxa at different growth and development stages of V.brumalis,it could provide references for domestication and cultivation of V.brumalis.