飞机座舱数字信息界面交互设计与情境意识研究综述

Literature Reviews on Interactive Design of Digital Information Interface and Situational Awareness Research for Aircraft Cockpit

目的飞机座舱作为飞机安全高效运行的中枢,对座舱数字信息界面进行合理设计能够提升飞行员处理飞行数据信息及决策的情境意识水平,减少人为因素出错,提升飞行安全。方法对现有民用飞机及战机座舱的主飞行显示器(PFD)、头盔显示器(HMD)、全景座舱显示器(PCD)等数字信息人机界面设计研究进行梳理和归纳,总结飞机座舱人机交互设计的发展规律和未来发展趋势。结论从国内外研究综述表明,通过“机”的数字界面信息表征设计和“人”的情境感知、认知工效、认知体验研究,可以加强人机沟通与人机协作,改善飞行员获取飞机信息、判断与决策的认知绩效,有利于飞行员高质量完成飞行任务。

Cockpit is pivotal for aircraft to operate safely and efficiently.The rational design of its digital information interface can improve the pilots'situational awareness level to manage the digital information and make decision in flight,reduce artificial errors and improve flight safety.By reviewing the research of digital information interface design of Primary Flight Display(PFD),Head Mounted Display(HMD),and Panoramic Cockpit Display(PCD)in existing civil aircraft and warcraft cockpits,the development law and trend on human-machine interaction design of cockpit are sum-marized.It's indicated in domestic and foreign literature reviews that the human-machine communication and cooperation,the pilots'efficiency of obtaining aircraft information and making decision,and the flight quality can be improved by representation design of digital information interface of machine and research on situational awareness,cognitive effi-ciency and cognitive experience.