《金陵图》中的家具形制与宋代市井生活研究

Furniture Form and Market Life in Song Dynasty in the Painting of Jinling

目的通过研究《金陵图》中的家具形制,结合当时的金陵城市井文化,梳理南宋时期家具形制特点,进一步探究形制变化与市井文化变迁之间的关系。方法从图像学的角度研究《金陵图》中的家具,结合同时期的其他图像对比分析重文轻武背景下金陵地区家具形制特点,以及图像中所体现的市井文化特征;从社会学的角度,基于历史文献资料,分析日渐稳定的南宋时期,经济的快速发展和商业贸易的繁荣,促进了市井文化的迅速兴起,体现在家具品类上的多样化趋势。结论《金陵图》是反映宋代金陵地区风土人情的风俗画。图像中的家具虽然品种呈多样化,但是形制较为单一,以方形为主,并未广泛加以雕琢,而是以简洁质朴的风格占主导。可见,无论是贵族文人士大夫,还是市井百姓对于家具的需求是发挥其功能性,满足生活需求。在此背景下的高型家具得以广泛推广,融入人们的生活,“垂足而坐”已成为常态。

By studying the furniture form in Painting of Jinling and combining the civil culture of Jinling City at that time,the paper aims to sort out the characteristics of the furniture form in the Southern Song Dynasty and further explore the relationship between the change of the form and the change of the civil culture.The furniture in Painting of Jinling was studied from the perspective of iconography,and compared with other images in the period,the characteristics of furniture form in Jinling area under the background of emphasizing culture and neglecting military were analyzed,as well as the characteristics of market culture reflected in the images;From the perspective of sociology,based on historical documents,the increasingly stable Southern Song Dynasty was analyzed,the rapid development of economy and the prosperity of commercial trade promoted the rapid rise of market culture,which was reflected in the trend of diversification in furniture shape.Painting of Jinling is a folk painting reflecting the local customs of Jinling area in the Southern Song Dynasty.The shape of furniture in the image shows a diversified trend,which shows that the market culture was developed and the people's life was rich.In this context,the high-profile furniture has been widely promoted,and"sitting with feet hanging"has become the normal.