世界格局变化下的中国碳中和之路

China's Pathway to Carbon Neutrality under the Changing World

实施碳中和战略是社会、经济、环境可持续发展的重要抓手,是国际社会广泛关注的热点问题。在当前新冠肺炎疫情仍然肆虐,国际合作纷繁复杂的严峻形势下,需要认清最近二十年世界变化格局中影响低碳发展的“变与不变”因素。新兴发展中国家经济快速增长,亚洲和太平洋地区发展中国家的温室气体排放急剧增加,全球气候治理主体、规则都在发生变化。但同时国际经济格局主导力、产业和贸易结构、金融定价决策权、历史累积排放格局仍未发生重大调整。在全球面向碳中和的趋势下,我国需要正确认识实现碳达峰和碳中和目标愿景的重大战略意义,这是解决气候危机、保障人类生存安全的必然需求,是推进生态文明建设、改善资源利用、促进能源革命的必然要求,是抢占科技创新高地的重要契机,也是我国彰显构建人类命运共同体的责任担当。本文建议:一要客观研判碳中和目标下的世界格局走向,坚定我国的战略定位;二要重视国内政策体系设计,强化技术创新和市场机制作用。

The implementation of carbon neutrality strategy is an important part of social,economic and environmental sustainable development,which has attracted extensive attention from the international community.As COVID-19 continues to ravage the world and international cooperation is still complicated,it is important to recognize the"changing and unchanged"factors affecting low-carbon development in the global landscape of the past 20 years.On the one hand,emerging developing countries are experiencing rapid economic growth,and the greenhouse gas emissions of developing countries especially in Asia and the Pacific are skyrocketing.The main body and rules of global climate governance are changing.On the other hand,the dominant power of the international economic pattern,the structure of industry and trade,the power of financial pricing and decision-making,and the pattern of historical cumulative emissions have not undergone major adjustments.Under the trend of global carbon neutral oriented,China need to recognize the great strategic significance to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality.It will solve the climate crisis,ensure the safety of human survival,promote ecological progress,improve resource utilization and promote energy revolution.It is an opportunity for us to seize the high ground of scientific and technological innovation,and our responsibility to build a community with a shared future for mankind.Two suggestions are proposed finally in this paper as follows.Firstly,objectively judge the trend of the world pattern under the goal of carbon neutrality and determine China's strategic positioning.Secondly,attach importance to the design of domestic policy systems and strengthen the role of technological innovation and market mechanisms.