数字时代未成年人的信息权益保护--基于父母知情同意的保护维度

Protection of Information Rights and Interests of Minors in the Digital Age:Protection Dimension Based on Parental Informed Consent

保护未成年人的信息权益是数字时代坚持“儿童利益最大化原则”的核心议题之一。《民法典》《个人信息保护法》《未成年人保护法》形成了父母知情同意的保护路径,有效发挥了保护未成年人信息权益的立法作用,但仍存在保护对象范围不清、父母所具有的保护权限过窄、对父母的信息素养预期设置过高等问题。可通过对未成年人进行年龄分层来界定保护范围、增设父母对儿童信息的综合保护权、强化信息处理者的安全责任等条款妥当解释法律规范,填补法律漏洞,最终铸就有利于未成年人健康成长的网络空间法治秩序。

Protecting the information rights and interests of minors is one of the core topics in adhering to the“principle of maximizing the interests of children”in the digital age.The Civil Code,Personal Information Protection Law,and Minors Protection Law have formed a protection approach for parental informed consent,which effectively plays a legislative role in protecting the information rights and interests of minors.However,there still exists some deficiencies in the approach,for example,the limit of protection authority on parents is too narrow,and the information literacy expectations of parents are set too high.It is suggested to define the scope of protection according to the age of minors,grant parents comprehensive right to protect their children’s information,emphasize the security responsibilities of information processors,so as to properly interpret legal norms,and fill legal loopholes.By these means,we could establish a legal order in cyberspace administration,which is conducive to the healthy growth of minors.