地中海饮食对老年“三高”人群健康影响的研究进展

Research progress of influence of Mediterranean diet on health of elderly people with hypertension, hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia

老年“三高”人群的形成,与高糖、高脂、高盐、吸烟、过量饮酒、肥胖、运动不足、睡眠等因素有关。地中海饮食以橄榄油、全谷物、豆类、蔬菜、水果、坚果、海鲜、鱼类等科学合理的饮食结构为主,通过不断被优化和验证,已成为老年“三高”人群慢性病防控和降低心脑血管不良事件发生的最佳饮食方式之一。本文归纳总结了地中海饮食的特性和演变,以及对老年“三高”患者健康因素的影响,为其进一步地推广和改进提供依据。

Occurrence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia in elderly people is related to factors such as high sugar, high fat, high salt, smoking, excessive drinking, obesity, lack of exercise and sleep.Mediterranean diet is mainly based on scientific and reasonable dietary structure such as olive oil, whole grain, beans, vegetables, fruits, nuts, seafood and fish, and through continuous optimization and verification, it has become one of the best dietary methods for the elderly people with hypertension, hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia to prevent and control chronic diseases and reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.This paper summarized the characteristics and evolution of the Mediterranean diet and its influence on the health factors of the elderly patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia, so as to provide a basis for its further promotion and improvement.