假设兼话题视角标记构式“从X看(Y)”

The Hypothesis and Topic Marker Construction of "cong X kan (Y)"

现代汉语中存在一类表假设义的“从X看(Y)”构式,可兼作假设标记和话题视角标记。根据变项X与已知信息Y之间的语义关系,这类构式可分为视觉位移类、依据类、范围类和主观视角类。“从X看(Y)”构式的作用不是单纯地引入或转换话题,而是通过切入新视角X实现对已知话题Y的再认知,进而引出后续信息。非现实性的假设语境和关联性是构式义得以浮现的主要因素,同时经过“看”的去范畴化、行为主语的句法降级等过程,“从X看(Y)”逐渐规约化为一个假设兼话题视角标记构式。

There is a "cong X kan(Y)" construction in modern Chinese sentences, which could be defined as hypothesis marker and topic marker. According to the semantic relationship between X and Y, this construction can be divided into four categories, Visual motion events category, Basis category, Scope category and Individual perspective category. The function of this construction is not simply to bring a topic, but to re-recognize the known topic Y by using X, and then leads to subsequent inference information and so on. The unrealistic hypothetical context and relevance are the main factors to present the meaning. By the de-categorization of "kan" and syntactic degrading of behavioral subject, "cong X kan(Y)" becomes a hypothesis marker and topic marker.