摘要
本文聚焦汉语完句的层级效应,结合跨语言语料,提出一种重新思考汉语句子骨架基本架构的主张,即汉语句子骨架由若干内部存在层级关系的普遍功能成分组成,这些功能成分呈脊柱结构由高到低排列为:话语衔接层>时间锚定层>观察视角层>事态分类层。以往分析中揭示的不同的完句手段本质上是不同功能成分的外在实现形式。承认普遍功能成分对语言形式的制约作用,可以更精细地处理语言个性与共性的关系,从而为汉语句法研究如何突破印欧语言学的固有框架,但同时又不失一定普遍价值,提供了新方向。
To provide a new framework to explore the structure of Chinese sentences, this study investigates the “sentence(in)completeness effect” in Chinese. Based on Wiltschko’s(2014)function-based syntactic framework, the study proposes that the syntactic skeleton of sentences in Chinese is a universal functional spine of four layers: Linking > Anchoring > Point of View > Classification. From this perspective, different sentence completing elements are different means of instantiating these universal functions. In addition to providing a way to reconcile the tension between formalism and functionalism, the analysis suggests a new direction for future Chinese grammatical studies that aims to strike a balance between the peculiarities of Chinese language and the universality of grammar.
作者
罗琼鹏
LUO Qiongpeng(School of Liberal Arts,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《外语教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期690-702,799,共14页
Foreign Language Teaching and Research
基金
江苏省社科基金项目“类指理论研究”(22YYB001)的阶段性成果。
