“婆罗门导引十二法”的功法源流、文献版本与特点研究

Research on the Origin,Document Editions and Characteristics of the Brahmin’s Twelve Daoyin Dharmas

根据“婆罗门导引十二法”的创编时代背景,探析其功法的概述与源流,以载录“婆罗门导引十二法”的不同文献版本为横轴、朝代为纵轴,对比其功法内容存在的异同点,阐释技术动作的功能和特点,充分发掘传统养生功法的健身价值。根据“婆罗门导引十二法”的功法名称、动作名称、动作表述以及相关历史背景来看,其属于唐代时期的养生功法。随着年代的更替,记录“婆罗门导引十二法”不同文献的版本主要归纳为创编本、合成本、图文本,且其技术动作的表述和练习方法愈加规范化。故将“婆罗门导引十二法”的技术动作拟活化,以仿生学、中医学理论为切入点,以意、气、形为参考点,深入剖析“婆罗门导引十二法”的健身功效,可为全民健身计划提供可参考的中华民族传统养生方式。

Based on the social background of the creation and compilation of the Brahmin’s Twelve Daoyin Dharmas,this paper analyzed the general origin and spread of the dharmas(exercises),taking different document editions as the horizontal axis and dynasties as the vertical axis,to compare and investigate the similarities and differences in the contents of dharmas,explain the functional characteristics of technical movements,and explore the fitness values of the traditional health cultivation exercises.According to its title,movement names,action description and relevant historical background,the book reflected health cultivation exercises of Tang Dynasty.With the change of time,different versions with records of the Twelve Dharmas can be mainly categorized into creative compilation,summary,and illustrated editions,with increasing standardized description and practice methods of the technical movements.On the basis of bionics and traditional Chinese medical theories with referring to mind,qi,and physique,dynamic imitation of the technical movements and excavation of the fitness values of the Twelve Dharmas can provide referable traditional Chinese health cultivation methods for the national fitness program.