郑州市气溶胶空间分布及影响因素分析

Analysis of Aerosol Spatial Distribution and Its Influencing Factors in Zhengzhou

基于郑州气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)数据、气象数据和GF-2遥感影像,利用双变量空间自相关和地理加权回归模型,分析并揭示绿地景观指数、气象因素与气溶胶光学厚度的空间分布特征及其相互作用关系.结果表明:①郑州市AOD值的空间分布差异有统计学意义,呈现南低北高、西低东高的空间分布特征;②AOD与绿地斑块密度及凝聚度之间呈现空间负相关,与风速之间呈负相关,与气温、气压和比湿之间呈正相关,AOD随气温、气压及比湿指标水平增大而增大,而风速的增大使AOD降低;③绿地及气象指标与AOD存在空间聚类关系,低低类型、高低类型主要发生在人类活动干预相对较少的郑州西部山地丘陵区;④影响AOD的因素空间差异较大,地面气压的回归系数分布于-7.433~8.031之间,波动性最大,最大斑块指数分布于-0.608~0.851之间,其波动性最小.气压与AOD的相关性更多受地形的影响,而气温对AOD影响存在明显的城乡差异.在以大气污染缓解为导向的郑州绿地规划中,应以郑州市北部、东部气溶胶污染热点区域,局地低高类型,局地高高类型区为重点治理对象,根据不同区位与AOD的关系,以绿地斑块凝聚度为重要调控指标,优化绿地布局并最大程度地缓解气溶胶污染.

Based on aerosol optical depth(AOD)data,meteorological data and GF-2 remote sensing images in Zhengzhou City.the bivariate spatial autocorrelation and GWR models were used to analyze and reveal the spatial distribution characteristics and interaction of Green Space Landscape Index,meteorological factors and Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD).The results showed that:①The spatial distribution of AOD values in Zhengzhou City varied significantly,showing the spatial distribution characteristics of low in the south and high in the north,and low in the west and high in the east.②There is a negative spatial correlation between AOD and green patch density,and cohesion.It also has a negative correlation with wind speed and positive correlations with air temperature,air pressure and specific humidity.AOD increases with the increase of air temperature,air pressure,and specific humidity index levels,while AOD decreases with the increase of wind speed.③There are spatial clustering relationships between green space and meteorological element indicators,and AOD.The low-low type and high-low type mainly occur in the mountainous and hilly areas of western Zhengzhou where there is relatively less intervention with human activities.④The regression coefficients of air pressure are distributed between-7.433-8.031 with the greatest volatility.The maximum patch index are distributed between-0.608-0.851 with the least volatility,then the influence of PAIR on AOD varies the most in different areas of Zhengzhou.The correlation between air pressure and AOD is more affected by topography.The influence of temperature on AOD is obviously different between urban and rural areas.In planning of Zhengzhou green space guided by air pollution mitigation,the hot areas of aerosol pollution in the north and east of Zhengzhou,and local low-high type and high-high type should be taken as the key control objects.According to the relationship between different locations and AOD,with green space patch cohesion as an important control index,the green space layout should be optimized and the aerosol pollution should be alleviated to the maximum extent.