列车人工气候室飘雪过程冰雪粒子运动特性模拟研究

Simulation of Motion Characteristics of Snow and Ice Particles during Snow Drift in Vehicle Artificial Climate Chamber

暴风雪天气严重影响列车安全运行,为了预防交通事故的发生,国际标准规范CEN-TR 16251提出列车上线前需在人工气候室进行飘雪实验。列车人工气候室受自身送风及飘雪设备飘雪的多气流耦合影响,本文依托某列车人工气候室,采用数值模拟的方法研究列车人工气候室冰雪粒子运动特性。结果表明:冰雪粒径从1.6 mm增至3.2 mm时,轨迹倾角增大82.9%,落雪面积减少73.1%,落雪距离缩短54.7%;初始风速从4.67 m/s增至7.82 m/s时,轨迹倾角增大5%,落雪面积减少63.3%,落雪距离缩短6.41%;当气候室风速从1.98 m/s增至6 m/s时,轨迹倾角减小67.3%,落雪面积增大约500%,落雪距离延长约460%。基于模拟结果,建立了多参数耦合下冰雪粒子运动轨迹预测模型,可以准确预测冰雪粒子的运动轨迹,为列车人工气候室飘雪实验的实施提供技术支持。

Blizzards seriously affect the safe operation of trains.To prevent traffic accidents,the international standard CEN-TR 16251 proposes that snow drift tests should be conducted in an artificial climate room before trains go online.The artificial climate chamber is affected by the multi-air coupling of its air supply and snow drifting equipment.In this study,a numerical simulation for the train′s artificial climate chamber was conducted to investigate the motion characteristics of ice and snow particles.The results showed that when the diameter of ice and snow increased from 1.6 mm to 3.2 mm,the trajectory inclination angle was increased by 82.9%,the snowfall area was reduced by 73.1%,and the snowfall distance was shortened by 54.7%.When the initial wind speed increased from 4.67 m/s to 7.82 m/s,the trajectory inclination angle was increased by 5%,the snowfall area was decreased by 63.3%,and the snowfall distance was decreased by 6.41%.When the climate chamber wind speed increased from 1.98 m/s to 6 m/s,the trajectory inclination angle was reduced by 67.3%,the snowfall area was increased by approximately 500%,and the snowfall distance was extended by approximately 460%.In addition,based on the simulation results,a prediction model for the trajectory of ice and snow particles under multi-parameter coupling was established.This model can accurately predict the trajectory of ice and snow particles,thereby providing technical support for implementing the snow drift experiment in the artificial climate chamber of trains.