新型城镇化下黔中地区乡镇土地利用演变特征研究——以安顺市26个乡镇为例

Study on the Evolution Characteristics of Township Land Use in Central Guizhou under the New Urbanization:Taking 26 Townships in Anshun City as an Example

贵州省安顺市自成为新型城镇化试点以来,城市周边土地承受自然资源和城市扩张的双重影响,原本受地形和交通约束的乡镇用地在快速城镇化过程中发生一系列演变。为此,本文运用遥感影像处理与识别技术,选取用地核密度、景观格局指数、动态度、扩张度、用地类型重要指数等指标,分析其2010年、2015年、2020年的用地规模和类型演化特征,结果表明:(1)城镇用地经历了散点式集中分布、点轴集中分布和成片集中分布三个阶段,呈现由东向西拓展过程;(2)用地类型从以居住用地为主的模式逐渐向以居住、工业、商业、公共服务复合的多元化用地模式转变,各类型用地规模均衡扩张,扩张方向逐渐变多;(3)不同类型乡镇数量逐步均衡,工业驱动型乡镇取代农业驱动型乡镇占据主要地位。影响用地演化的因素不断增多,其中交通区位因素影响力不断增加,各主导因素影响下的乡镇呈现出不同的发展模式。

Since Anshun in Guizhou became the pilot of new urbanization,the land around the city bears the dual impact of natural resources and urban expansion.The township land originally constrained by terrain and traffic has undergone a series of evolution in the process of rapid urbanization.Therefore,this study uses remote sensing image processing and recognition technology,selects land core density,dynamic degree,expansion degree,important index of land type and other indicators,and analyzes the land scale and type evolution characteristics in 2010,2015 and 2020.The results show that:(1)Urban land has experienced scattered centralized distribution.There are three stages:point axis centralized distribution and patch centralized distribution,showing the process of expanding from east to west.(2)The type of land use has gradually changed from the mode dominated by residential land to the diversified land use mode composed of residential,industrial,commercial,and public services.The scale of various types of land use has expanded evenly,and the expansion direction has gradually become more and more.(3)The number of different types of villages and towns is gradually balanced,and industrial driven villages and towns replace agricultural driven villages and towns to occupy the main position.The factors affecting land use evolution are increasing,among which the influence of social and economic factors is increasing.The villages and towns under the influence of various leading factors show different development modes.