基于中国人群暴露风险的室内苯健康限值推导

Derivation of indoor benzene threshold value based on carcinogenic risk assessment of Chinese population

收集了我国29个省级行政区的464个室内苯浓度数据,基于中国人群暴露参数计算了我国成年人群在不同室内场景的苯暴露致癌风险;应用蒙特卡洛方法推导我国室内苯浓度健康阈值.结果表明,全国各类场景的室内苯浓度几何均值为0.030mg/m^(3).4种室内场景中,职业暴露场所具有最高的苯残留水平,均值为0.052mg/m^(3);居室暴露风险贡献最大,人群终生致癌风险为9.30×10^(-5);基于中国人群暴露参数推导的健康限值为0.020mg/m^(3),略低于我国修改后的《室内空气质量标准》(GB/T18883-2022)中规定苯的限值.我国部分居民存在高于可接受水平的室内苯暴露的致癌风险,居室暴露风险尤其值得关注.室内苯标准的修改和实施有利于室内苯污染的控制和降低人群苯暴露致癌风险.

A total of 464 indoor benzene concentrations from 29 provincial administrative regions in China were collected by systematic literature review.Carcinogenic risk of adults in China caused by benzene inhalation was estimated based on the exposure parameters of Chinese population.The benzene indoor threshold value was estimated by Monte Carlo method.The results showed that the geometric mean of indoor benzene concentrations in China was 0.030mg/m^(3).Compared with the other 3 indoor scenarios,occupational exposure had the highest benzene residue level,with an average of 0.052mg/m^(3).Benzene exposure in bedroom had the greatest lifetime carcer risk of 9.30×10^(-5).The threshold value derived based on the exposure parameters of Chinese population is 0.020mg/m^(3),which is slightly lower than the benzene threshold value of revised“Indoor air quality standard”(GB/T18883-2022).In conclusion,some residents in China have carcinogenic risk caused by indoor benzene exposure higher than acceptable level,especially in bedroom environment.The modification and implementation of the indoor air quality standard is conducive to the management of indoor benzene pollution and reduce the benzene exposure and carcinogenic risk.