中小城市居民垃圾分类行为影响因素——以张家港市为例

Factors influencing household waste classification behaviors of small-medium cities’residents:a case study of Zhangjiagang

为识别中小城市居民分类行为的影响因素和决策机制,本文构建了中小城市居民垃圾分类行为决策模型,并以江苏省张家港市为例,运用结构方程拟合与修正,分析了主客观因素对居民分类行为的影响,并与大城市相关研究进行了比较.结果表明:张家港市垃圾分类参与率达95%,高于一、二线大城市.对于张家港市居民而言,“行为意愿”是影响其分类行为最显著的因素,其次是“环保意识”和“社会影响”;“经济回报”和“法规影响”的显著性较低,尚未发挥应有的激励作用;“分类知识掌握程度”和“时间花费”的影响不显著.总体来看,主观意识(敏感性系数:0.629)仍是影响中小城市居民分类行为的主导因素,但在强制垃圾分类背景下,随着分类设施的建设完善、法律法规的颁布和社区管制加强,其影响作用趋于减弱,而客观环境对应的显著观测变量更多,对居民分类行为的影响逐渐增强,将是政府制定管理政策的有效发力点.

To identify the influencing factors and decision-making mechanism of residents’classification behavior in small-medium cities,this paper constructed a waste classification behavior decision model,and made Zhangjiagang City,Jiangsu Province as an example,using structural equation model fitting and modification,analyzed the subjective and objective factors that influence classification behavior of small-medium cities’residents,and compared with related research in big cities.The results showed that,the waste classification participation rate of Zhangjiagang reached 95%,higher than the first and second-tier cities.For residents in Zhangjiagang,“Behavioral Intention”was the most significant factor,followed by“Environmental Awareness”and“Social Influence”;the signification of“Economic Return”and“Regulatory Impact”was low,and had not yet played their due incentive;the influence of“Classification Knowledge Mastery”and“Time Spent”was not significant.In general,subjective consciousness with sensitivity coefficient of 0.629 was still the dominant factor influencing residents’classification behavior in small-medium cities,However,in the context of mandatory classification,with the improvement of the classification facilities,the promulgation of laws and regulations and the strengthening of community control,the influence of subjective factors on residents’classification behavior weakened.While the objective environment factor had more significant observed variables,which gradually increased its influence,and could be an effective point for government to formulate management policies.