大型贮箱壁板蠕变时效成形高效均匀传热模具结构优化

Optimization on die structure with high efficient and uniform heat transfer for creep aging of large tank wall panels

模具型面的高效均匀升温对贮箱壁板蠕变时效成形效率及成形精度具有重要的影响。以贮箱壁板框架式模具为例,基于Fluent软件对壁板模具蠕变时效成形过程中的温度场进行仿真模拟。根据模具温度场数据及强度校核结果,对模具进行结构优化以提高模具型面升温的高效性及均匀性。结果表明:模具结构优化前,模具温度场呈现阶梯状分布,型面位置最大温差为25℃,存在最慢升温区域(SHA),模具质量为2414.5 kg;模具结构优化后,在等效应力及整体变形处于安全范围的条件下,模具升温速率显著提高,型面位置最大温差降为15℃,降低了40%,温度分布更加均匀,最慢升温区域消失,同时模具质量减少了17%。研究工作为蠕变时效成形高效均匀传热模具的优化设计提供了理论支撑。

The heating with high-efficiency and uniformity of die surface has an important influence on the forming efficiency and forming accuracy of creep aging for tank wall panels. Therefore, for the frame die of tank wall panels, the temperature field of die for wall panels during creep aging process was simulated by software Fluent, and according to the data of die temperature field and the verification result of strength, the die structure was optimized in order to improve the high-efficiency and uniformity of die surface heating. The results show that before the optimization of die structure, the temperature field of die presents a stepped distribution, the maximum temperature difference in die surface position is 25 ℃, there is the slowest heating area(SHA), and the die weight is 2414.5 kg. However, after the optimization of die structure, under the condition that the equivalent stress and overall deformation are within a safe range, the heating rate of die is significantly increased, the maximum temperature difference in die surface position is reduced to 15 ℃ with a decrease of 40%, the temperature distribution is more uniform, the slowest heating area disappears, and at the same time, the die weight is decreased by 17%. Thus, this research work provides theoretical support for the optimal design on die with high-efficient and uniform heat transfer for creep aging.