饲喂发酵饲料对肉鸡生长性能、养分利用率、肠道健康和肉品质的影响

Effects of Fermented Feed on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization Rate, Gut Health and Meat Quality of Broilers

【目的】本试验旨在研究肉鸡生长前期(1~21日龄)饲喂发酵饲料对其生长性能、养分利用率、肠道健康和肉品质的影响。【方法】选用1日龄爱拔益加肉鸡公鸡240只,随机分入4个处理组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。4组肉鸡生长前期(1~21日龄)分别饲喂添加0、5%、10%、15%发酵饲料的试验饲粮,生长后期(22~42日龄)均饲喂不含发酵料的基础饲粮,试验期为42 d。试验第21和42天时,测定肉鸡的1~21日龄、22~42日龄和1~42日龄生长性能、19~21日龄和40~42日龄养分利用率、42日龄肠道菌的数量和42日龄肉品质等指标。【结果】与对照组相比,饲喂10%发酵饲料显著降低肉鸡1~21日龄料重比(P<0.05);饲喂15%发酵饲料显著提高肉鸡1~42日龄平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),显著提高19~21日龄肉鸡干物质利用率和能量代谢率(P<0.05)。前期饲喂发酵饲料对42日龄肉鸡的盲肠菌群数量影响不显著(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲喂发酵饲料显著降低42日龄肉鸡肌肉中胆固醇含量(P<0.05)。【结论】生长前期饲喂10%的发酵饲料显著降低了肉鸡1~21日龄料重比;饲喂15%发酵饲料显著提高了肉鸡1~42日龄平均日增重、平均日采食量及19~21日龄肉鸡干物质和能量利用率。生长前期饲喂发酵饲料显著降低了42日龄肉鸡肌肉胆固醇含量,但是对42日龄肉鸡盲肠菌群数量无显著影响。

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of feeding fermented feed in early growth stage(1-21 days old) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal health and meat quality of broilers.【Method】 A total of 240 1-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 chicks in each group.In the early growth stage(1-21 days old),the four treatment groups were fed with experimental feed supplemented with 0,5%,10% and 15% fermented feed respectively, while in the later growth stage(22-42 days old),all the chicks in four treatment groups were fed basic feed without fermented feed.On the 21 st and 42 nd day of the experiment, the growth performance in 1-21 days old, 22-42 days old and 1-42 days old, nutrient utilization efficiency in 19-21 days old and 40-42 days old, the number of intestinal bacteria and meat quality on 42 nd day of broilers were measured.【Result】 Compared with the control group, feeding 10% fermented feed significantly decreased the feed to gain ratio of 1-21 days old broilers(P<0.05);Feeding 15% fermented feed significantly increased the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers aged 1-42 days, the dry matter utilization rate and energy utilization rate of 19-21 days old broilers(P<0.05).Feeding fermented feed at early stage had no significant effect on the number of cecal bacteria of broilers at 42 days old(P>0.05).Feeding fermented feed significantly decreased the content of cholesterol in meat of broilers on the 42 nd day compared to control group(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Feeding 10% fermented feed at early growth stage significantly reduced feed to gain ratio of 1-21 days old broilers, and feeding 15% fermented feed significantly increased the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and dry matter and energy utilization rate of 19-21 days old broilers.Feeding fermented feed reduced cholesterol content on the 42 nd day of chicken, but had no significant effect on the number of cecal bacteria of 42-day-old broilers.