2021—2022年间淄博市学龄前儿童家长营养KAP现况调查及影响因素研究

Investigation on Nutritional KAP Status and Influencing Factors of Parents of Preschool Children in Zibo City from 2021 to 2022

目的调查2021—2022年间淄博市856例学龄前期儿童家长营养相关知识、态度、行为(knowledge attitude practice,KAP)现况,并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法,于2021年1月—2022年1月随机抽取淄博市856名学龄前期儿童家长,根据《中国居民膳食指南》《中国居民平衡膳食宝塔》自行编制《KAP调查问卷》发放至入选儿童家长,采用Logistic回归方程进行计算,分析影响学龄前期儿童家长营养相关KAP的因素。结果845名儿童家长营养相关KAP得分为(75.34±16.75)分,其中KAP设为良好组(61~100分)占比42.96%(362/845)和KAP不良组(0~60分)占比57.04%(483/845)。经单因素分析显示,两组患者在经济状况、文化程度、接受营养教育情况、居住地区等方面资料对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将上述有差异项目带入Logistic回归方程进行计算发现,两组患者在经济状况低下、小学及以下文化程度、未接受过营养教育、居住地区在农村是影响学龄前期儿童家长营养相关KAP的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论家长文化程度不高、经济收入低下、未接受过营养教育以及居住在农村的学龄前期儿童家长营养相关KAP低下,相关部门需重点关注并予以相应干预措施,以提升我市儿童的生长发育水平。

Objective To investigate the status of nutrition-related knowledge,attitude and behavior(KAP)of 856 parents of preschool children in Zibo City from 2021 to 2022,and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods Using convenience sampling method,856 parents of preschool children in Zibo City were randomly selected from January 2021 to January 2022.According to the"Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents"and"Balanced Diet Pagoda for Chinese Residents",the"KAP Questionnaire"was prepared and distributed to the parents of the selected children.The logistic regression equation was used to calculate the factors affecting the nutrition-related KAP of the parents of preschool children.Results The score of nutrition-related KAP of 845 children's parents was(75.34±16.75)points,of which 42.96%(362/845)were in good KAP group(61-100 points)and 57.04%(483/845)were in poor KAP group(0-60 points).Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of economic status,educational level,nutrition education,and residential area(P<0.05).The above-mentioned different items were put into the Logistic regression equation for calculation,and it was found that the low economic status of the two groups of patients,the education level of primary school and below,the lack of nutrition education,and the living area in rural areas were the main factors affecting the nutrition-related KAP of the parents of preschool children(P<0.05).Conclusion Parents with low educational level,low econom ic income, no nutrition education, and parents of preschool-age children living in rural areas have low nutrition-related KAP. Relevant departments need to focus on and take corresponding intervention measures to improve the growth and development level of children in our city.