云南大白菜主产区根肿病发生流行规律及防治策略

Epidemic regularity and control strategy of clubroot disease in main producing areas of Chinese cabbage in Yunnan province

为了明确云南省大白菜主产区主要病害的发生情况,进而为大白菜病害综合防控提供科学依据,2020年采用调查问卷、实地调查、文献查阅等方法,对祥云县、嵩明县、晋宁区、通海县、陆良县等云南大白菜主产区主要病害现状及发病规律进行了调查。结果表明,云南大白菜主产区对大白菜品质和产量影响最大的病害是根肿病。与露天栽培相比,设施栽培条件下根肿病发生范围更广、发病率更高、发病程度更重,根肿病发病率和病情指数由高到低依次为祥云县>嵩明县>晋宁区>通海县>陆良县。云南省大白菜根肿病发生地域主要集中在昆明市、玉溪市、大理州、楚雄州,危害程度局部偏重。未来,从根际微生态角度研究根肿病生态防控手段,开展抗病品种的发掘与利用和基于多技术组合的十字花科作物健康栽培实践探索,将有利于解析根肿病发病机制,为根肿病基础研究与防控提供理论和技术支持。

In order to clarify the occurrence types and situation of main diseases in the main producing areas of Chinese cabbage in Yunnan Province,and provide scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of Chinese cabbage diseases.In 2020,the current situation and incidence of main diseases in the main producing areas of Chinese cabbage in Yunnan,such as Xiangyun County,Songming County,Jinning District,Tonghai County and Luliang County,were investigated by means of questionnaire,field investigation and literature review.The results showed that the most important disease affecting the quality and yield of Chinese cabbage in Yunnan was clubroot.Compared with open-air cultivation,the occurrence range of clubroot under protected cultivation conditions was wider,the incidence rate was higher,and the incidence degree was heavier.The incidence and disease index of clubroot from high to low were Xiangyun County>Songming County>Jinning District>Tonghai County>Luliang County.The occurrence areas of Chinese cabbage clubroot in Yunnan Province are mainly concentrated in Kunming City,Yuxi City,Dali Prefecture and Chuxiong Prefecture,and the degree of harm is partial.In the future,it will be beneficial to analyze the pathogenesis of clubroot and provide theoretical and technical support for the basic research and prevention and control application of clubroot by studying the ecological prevention and control methods of clubroot from the perspective of rhizosphere microecology,exploring and utilizing disease-resistant varieties and exploring the healthy cultivation practice of cruciferous crops based on multi-technology combination.