叶圣陶战后日记中的时局观察

An Observation of the Post War Situation through Ye Shengtao’s Diary

抗战胜利后的1945—1949年是近代中国的重要转折期,国民党政府的统治公信力急剧下滑,中国共产党的影响力迅速扩大。当时的知识分子感受到了战后大变动时期的复杂面相,从他们的视角来认识战后国内局势及国共形象,有助于解读知识分子政治选择的复杂缘由。叶圣陶在这一时段的日记记录了他所面对的变化迅速的时局,从战后初期充满期待到最后对国民党政府统治的失望,其日常工作生活也遭遇经济的困境,这两方面的日常记录是窥探其最终做出“北上”选择的重要史料,通过深入挖掘这一时期叶圣陶的日记可以发现,战后他看到了国共统治下两个截然不同的中国,在国民党政府专制统治的反向推离和共产党积极作为的正向吸引合力下,做出了走向中共的政治选择。

The period from 1945 to 1949 was an important turning point for modern China when the ruling credibility of the Kuomintang government was declining sharply, while the influence of the Communist Party of China was expanding rapidly. The intellectuals at that time had some feeling on this complex postwar situation. Observing the situation and the images of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China from their perspective helps to interpret the complex reasons for their political choice.Ye Shengtao recorded in his diary his changed attitude from full expectation of the early postwar period to disappointment with the Kuomintang government, and his daily work and life burdened with economic difficulties. These two aspects are important historical materials for investigating his final choice. After further study, we find that he saw two completely different Chinas after the warandnd he made his political choice to move toward the CPC under the combined effect of the Kuomintang government’s authoritarian rule and the active actions of the Communist Party of China.