中国科幻的异质性和民族性:论荒江钓叟对凡尔纳小说的吸纳与变异

Heterogeneity and Ethnicity of Chinese Science Fiction: The Absorption and Variation of Jules Verne’s Fiction in Huangjiang Diaosou’s Work

晚清荒江钓叟的《月球殖民地小说》作为中国科幻小说的开山之作,呈现出中国文学与西方科幻小说因素的交织,对追溯与理解中西科幻文学早期相遇具有意义。文章分析荒江钓叟对儒勒·凡尔纳的接受、改造和吸纳,聚焦荒江钓叟作品中出现的科学元素和新的时空观,辨析生长于中国文化土壤的《月球殖民地小说》对中国传统文本特征与手法的继承,从叙事模式、幻想性、人物形象和主题方面探讨基于中国民族文化土壤开放出来的晚清科学小说花朵中,绽放出的与西方科幻文学迥异的异质性和民族性。从中国科学小说起点出发,丰富中国特色科幻小说的历史逻辑,探索中国传统文学通向现代的更新轨迹。

As the first science fiction in China, Tales of the Moon Colony of Huangjiang Diaosou in the late Qing dynasty presents the interwoven elements of Chinese literature and western science fiction, which is significant for tracing and comprehending the early communication between Chinese and western science fiction. The paper analyzes the reception, modification and absorption of Jules Verne’s fiction in Huangjiang Diaosou’s work. It focuses on the scientific elements and the new space-time view, identifying the inheritance of Chinese traditional text characteristics and skills in Tales of the Moon Colony that are rooted in Chinese culture. Specifically, based on the Chinese ethnic culture, this paper discusses the heterogeneity and ethnicity of the fiction that are different from the features in the western science fiction from the aspect of narrative pattern, imagination, characters and theme. By examining the starting point of Chinese science fiction, the study enriches the historical logic of Chinese characteristic science fiction and explores the updated track of traditional Chinese literature toward modern times.