爱情小说中阻碍者身份及其文化内涵研究——以双渐苏小卿系列作品为中心

A Study on the Identity and Cultural Connotation of Obstructors in Chinese Love Stories:Centered on Series of Works about Shuangjian and Su Qing

《苏小卿》是宋代著名的婚恋题材小说,讲述了士人双渐与妓女苏小卿之间曲折的恋爱故事。该作品影响深远,在后世出现多部演变作品。故事中出现了破坏两人爱情的角色,即婚恋故事中不可或缺的“爱情阻碍者”。其人身份随着时代的发展而不断变化:从宋传奇中的官员,到元代作品中财大气粗的奸险茶商冯魁,逐步演变为明代小说中品质尚可的盐商谢子启(谢启)。阻碍者身份的演变历程,反映了不同历史时期的商人阶层身份地位的不断变化,以及商人与读书人的力量对比与竞争关系。到明代后期,商人和读书人的界限越来越模糊,二者逐渐合流。此时的商人形象在文学作品中得到了之前只有读书人才能享受的待遇:邂逅女神,并与其成婚。此类作品充分说明了生气勃勃的商人地位的不断提升,甚至正在取代读书人,成为新时期的社会宠儿。文学作品所描写的这种社会心理的微妙变化,深刻地表现了晚明时代社会的鲜明特点,反映出一种新的价值取向。

Su Xiaoqing is a famous marriage and love-theme fiction of the Song Dynasty in China, which tells the love story between the scholar Shuangjian and prostitute Su Xiaoqingthe. This work had a far-reaching influence in later generations and evolved to produce several varied editions. In the story, there are characters who destroy the love between the two lovers and act as the indispensable“love blockers”in love and marriage stories. the identity of“love blockers”changed with the development of the Times: from the official in the Song Dynasty legend, to the rich and treacherous tea merchant Feng Kui in the Yuan Dynasty works, and then to the good salt merchant Xie Ziqi(Xie Qi) in the Ming Dynasty novels. The evolution of the identity of obstructionist reflects the constant changes of the status of merchants in different historical periods, as well as the power comparison and competition between merchants and scholars. In the late Ming Dynasty, the boundary between merchants and scholars became more and more blurred and the two gradually merged. At that time, the image of a businessman was treated as good as only a scholar could enjoy before: he met a goddess and married her. Such works fully illustrate the rising status of vibrant businessmen, and their replacing scholars to become the social darling of the new era. The subtle changes of social psychology described in literary works profoundly show the distinctive characteristics of the society in the late Ming dynasty and reflect a new value orientation.