甲骨文兆辞“不■”述议

A Discussion of the Divination Terms“不■” in Oracle-bones Inscriptions

文章讨论了甲骨文常见兆辞“不■”,认为■字下部为樴代象形,上部为“午”(杵),是“樴”的异体,可读为异常的“异”;■为蜘蛛的象形,是“■”的象形初文,可读为“兆”,《说文》“读若朝”的“鼂”和炊灶的“灶”字实应从“■”得声。兆辞“不■”即“不异兆”,表示不异常、没有异常的兆象,与“大吉”“引吉”等兆辞相似。“不异兆”一般刻在兆序之旁,与“二告”无关。卜人可能先刻兆序,后将兆辞“不异兆”刻于兆序之旁,但不是每一次卜兆都会记刻兆辞。

This paper discusses about the usual divination terms"不■".The graph■composed of"wu(午)"and"zhi(■)",can be read as"yi(异)",which means abnormal phenomenons.The graph■is the hieroglyphics of"zhu(■)”,which is the pictograph of spider."Chao(鼌)”and"zao(灶)"in Shuowen-Jiezi have the same phonetic symbol of"zhu(■)"that can be read as"zhao(兆)".To sum up,the divination terms"不■"should be read as"bu yi zhao(不异兆)",which means noabnormal omen,the same as the auspicious omen.This divination terms are usually written by the side of the serial number of augury,far away with"er gao(二告)”.We supposed that the diviner first write the serial number of augury,then write the divination terms"bu yi zhao(不异兆)”beside the number,but they won’t write divination terms everytime they divine.